Zanthoxylum ailanthoides Sieb and Zucc. Extract inhibits growth and induces cell death through G2/M-phase arrest and activation of apoptotic signals in colo 205 human colon adenocarcinoma cells

Su Tze Chou, Hsin Yi Peng, Chen Tien Chang, Jai Sing Yang, Hsiung Kwang Chung, Su Tso Yang, W. Gibson Wood, Jing Gung Chung

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

21 Scopus citations

Abstract

The effects of 50% ethanolic stem extracts of Zanthoxylum ailanthoides Sieb and Zucc. (ZASZ) on the cell viability, cell cycle and apoptosis were investigated in a human colon adenocarcinoma cell line (colo 205). The results demonstrated that ZASZ induced morphological changes and decreased the cell viability. ZASZ promoted Weel, checkpoint kinase 2 (CHK2), p21 and p53 levels, decreased cyclin B and cdc25c associated with that led to G2/M phase arrest. ZASZ-triggered apoptosis was confirmed by 4′-6-diamidino-2- phenylindole (DAPI) staining and DNA gel electrophoresis. ZASZ increased the levels of glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78) and growth arrest and DNA damage inducible gene 153 (GADD153), and promoted an increase of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and Ca2+ release, and loss of mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) accompanied by cytochrome c release that was due to the decrease of Bcl-2 and increase of Bax levels in the colo 205 cells. ZASZ also induced the protein levels of apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF) and endonuclease G (Endo G), increased the levels of caspase-3, -7 and -9, and stimulated the levels of fatty acid synthase (Fas) and Fas ligand in the colo 205 cells. ZASZ contains phenolic compounds, including flavone, chlorogenic acid and isofraxidin, among which, flavone was found to be the most effective in reducing cell viability and proliferative responses in the colo 205 cells. ZASZ induces cytotoxicity and apoptosis in colo 205 cells which provides the rationale for studies in animal models on the utilization of ZASZ as a potential cancer therapeutic compound.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)1667-1676
Number of pages10
JournalAnticancer Research
Volume31
Issue number5
StatePublished - May 1 2011

Keywords

  • Apoptosis
  • Caspases
  • Colo 205 cells
  • Flavone
  • Human colon adenocarcinoma cell
  • Zanthoxylum ailanthoides Sieb and Zucc.

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