Water absorption behavior and mechanical properties of lignocellulosic filler-polyolefin bio-composites

To determine certain physical properties, viz. the thickness swelling and water absorption, and mechanical properties, viz. the tensile strength and Izod impact strength, of lignocellulosic filler reinforced polyolefin bio-composites, polyolefin was used as the matrix polymer and rice-husk flour as the reinforcing filler. Wood flour was also used as a reinforcing filler, and commercial particleboard, medium-density fiberboard and solid woods (red pine and birch) were also included in this study, in order to obtain comparative water absorption behavior measurements. Test samples were prepared, in order to determine the physical and mechanical properties of the bio-composites as a function of filler loading and according to filler type as well as with respect to the thermoplastic polymer itself. The thickness swelling and water absorption of the bio-composites slightly increased as the filler loading increased, but to a negligible extent as compared with the wood-based composites (particleboard and fiberboard) and the solid woods (red pine and birch). The mechanical properties of the composites decreased as the filler loading increased, but the composites had an acceptable strength level. It was concluded that these bio-composites are suitable to be used for the interior of bathrooms, wood decks, food packaging, etc.