Abstract
Objective: To assess whether subtracting the expiratory change in intra-abdominal (bladder) pressure (ΔIAP) from central venous pressure (CVP) provides a reliable estimate of transmural CVP in spontaneously breathing patients with expiratory muscle activity. Design and setting: Prospective observational study in a medical ICU. Patients: Twenty-four spontaneously breathing patients with central venous and bladder catheters: 18 with no clinical evidence of active expiration (group 1) and 6 with active expiration (group 2). Interventions: Patients in group 1 were coached to change their breathing pattern to one of active expiration for several breaths; those in group 2 were asked to sip water through a straw to briefly interrupt active expiration. Measurements and results: During active expiration end-expiratory CVP (uncorrected CVP) and ΔIAP were measured; ΔIAP was subtracted from uncorrected CVP to obtain corrected CVP. End-expiratory CVP during relaxed breathing (best CVP) was assumed to represent the best estimate of transmural CVP. The absolute difference between corrected CVP and best CVP was much less than the difference between uncorrected CVP and best CVP (2.3 ± 2.0 vs. 12.5 ± 4.7 mmHg). Conclusions: In patients with active expiration, subtracting ΔIAP from end-expiratory CVP yields a more reliable (and lower) estimate of transmural CVP than does the uncorrected CVP value.
Original language | English (US) |
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Pages (from-to) | 1907-1912 |
Number of pages | 6 |
Journal | Intensive Care Medicine |
Volume | 33 |
Issue number | 11 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - Nov 2007 |
Keywords
- Catheterization, central venous
- Central venous pressure
- Circulatory and respiratory physiology
- Critical care
- Exhalation, respiratory
- Monitoring, physiological