TY - JOUR
T1 - Tryptophan (Trp) modulates gut homeostasis via aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR)
AU - Sun, Meige
AU - Ma, Ning
AU - He, Ting
AU - Johnston, Lee J.
AU - Ma, Xi
PY - 2020/5/30
Y1 - 2020/5/30
N2 - The intestinal homeostasis is an orchestrated dynamic equilibrium state composed of the coexistence and interactions among the nutrients, microbial flora, and immune system. The intestinal balance disorder can trigger a series of diseases, such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Many of tryptophan (Trp) metabolites, such as kynurenine and indole, generated under a series of endogenous enzymes or microbial metabolism, have been reported enable to bind and activate the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), this series of process is termed the Trp-AhR pathway. The activated Trp-AhR pathway can induce the expression of downstream cytokines such as interleukin-22 (IL-22) and interleukin-17 (IL-17), thereby regulating the intestinal homeostasis. This review highlights the advance of Trp-AhR pathway in the regulation of intestinal homeostasis and provides some insights for the clinical strategies that expect to effectively prevent and treat gut diseases via intervening the Trp-AhR pathway.
AB - The intestinal homeostasis is an orchestrated dynamic equilibrium state composed of the coexistence and interactions among the nutrients, microbial flora, and immune system. The intestinal balance disorder can trigger a series of diseases, such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Many of tryptophan (Trp) metabolites, such as kynurenine and indole, generated under a series of endogenous enzymes or microbial metabolism, have been reported enable to bind and activate the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), this series of process is termed the Trp-AhR pathway. The activated Trp-AhR pathway can induce the expression of downstream cytokines such as interleukin-22 (IL-22) and interleukin-17 (IL-17), thereby regulating the intestinal homeostasis. This review highlights the advance of Trp-AhR pathway in the regulation of intestinal homeostasis and provides some insights for the clinical strategies that expect to effectively prevent and treat gut diseases via intervening the Trp-AhR pathway.
KW - Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR)
KW - immune barrier
KW - inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)
KW - intestinal homeostasis
KW - tryptophan (Trp)
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U2 - 10.1080/10408398.2019.1598334
DO - 10.1080/10408398.2019.1598334
M3 - Review article
C2 - 30924357
AN - SCOPUS:85084422502
VL - 60
SP - 1760
EP - 1768
JO - Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition
JF - Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition
SN - 1040-8398
IS - 10
ER -