True Random Number Generator circuits based on single- and multi-phase beat frequency detection

Qianying Tang; Bongjin Kim; Yingjie Lao; Keshab K. Parhi; Chris H. Kim

doi:10.1109/CICC.2014.6946136

True Random Number Generator circuits based on single- and multi-phase beat frequency detection

Qianying Tang
, Bongjin Kim
, Yingjie Lao
, Keshab K. Parhi
, Chris H. Kim

Electrical and Computer Engineering

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Conference contribution

76 Scopus citations

Abstract

A fully-digital True Random Number Generator (TRNG) measures the frequency difference between two free-running ring oscillators, or in other words the beat frequency, to extract random frequency jitter. For generating a continuous stream of random bits with a high entropy level, the lower significant bits meeting the NIST randomness criteria are concatenated. The generation efficiency is further improved by utilizing a multi-phase structure. The proposed circuit fabricated in 65nm achieves an energy efficiency of 15.1Mb/mW at 0.8V. Experimental data collected from eight TRNG test chips passed all 15 NIST tests without the use of any feedback or tracking scheme.

Original language	English (US)
Title of host publication	Proceedings of the IEEE 2014 Custom Integrated Circuits Conference, CICC 2014
Publisher	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.
ISBN (Electronic)	9781479932863
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1109/CICC.2014.6946136
State	Published - Nov 4 2014
Event	36th Annual Custom Integrated Circuits Conference - The Showcase for Integrated Circuit Design in the Heart of Silicon Valley, CICC 2014 - San Jose, United States Duration: Sep 15 2014 → Sep 17 2014

Publication series

Name	Proceedings of the IEEE 2014 Custom Integrated Circuits Conference, CICC 2014

Other

Other	36th Annual Custom Integrated Circuits Conference - The Showcase for Integrated Circuit Design in the Heart of Silicon Valley, CICC 2014
Country/Territory	United States
City	San Jose
Period	9/15/14 → 9/17/14

Bibliographical note

Publisher Copyright:
© 2014 IEEE.

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

SDG 7 Affordable and Clean Energy

Publisher link

10.1109/CICC.2014.6946136

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Tang, Q., Kim, B., Lao, Y., Parhi, K. K., & Kim, C. H. (2014). True Random Number Generator circuits based on single- and multi-phase beat frequency detection. In Proceedings of the IEEE 2014 Custom Integrated Circuits Conference, CICC 2014 Article 6946136 (Proceedings of the IEEE 2014 Custom Integrated Circuits Conference, CICC 2014). Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.. https://doi.org/10.1109/CICC.2014.6946136

True Random Number Generator circuits based on single- and multi-phase beat frequency detection. / Tang, Qianying; Kim, Bongjin; Lao, Yingjie et al.
Proceedings of the IEEE 2014 Custom Integrated Circuits Conference, CICC 2014. Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2014. 6946136 (Proceedings of the IEEE 2014 Custom Integrated Circuits Conference, CICC 2014).

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Conference contribution

Tang, Q, Kim, B, Lao, Y, Parhi, KK & Kim, CH 2014, True Random Number Generator circuits based on single- and multi-phase beat frequency detection. in Proceedings of the IEEE 2014 Custom Integrated Circuits Conference, CICC 2014., 6946136, Proceedings of the IEEE 2014 Custom Integrated Circuits Conference, CICC 2014, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 36th Annual Custom Integrated Circuits Conference - The Showcase for Integrated Circuit Design in the Heart of Silicon Valley, CICC 2014, San Jose, United States, 9/15/14. https://doi.org/10.1109/CICC.2014.6946136

Tang Q, Kim B, Lao Y, Parhi KK , Kim CH. True Random Number Generator circuits based on single- and multi-phase beat frequency detection. In Proceedings of the IEEE 2014 Custom Integrated Circuits Conference, CICC 2014. Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc. 2014. 6946136. (Proceedings of the IEEE 2014 Custom Integrated Circuits Conference, CICC 2014). doi: 10.1109/CICC.2014.6946136

Tang, Qianying ; Kim, Bongjin ; Lao, Yingjie et al. / True Random Number Generator circuits based on single- and multi-phase beat frequency detection. Proceedings of the IEEE 2014 Custom Integrated Circuits Conference, CICC 2014. Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2014. (Proceedings of the IEEE 2014 Custom Integrated Circuits Conference, CICC 2014).

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abstract = "A fully-digital True Random Number Generator (TRNG) measures the frequency difference between two free-running ring oscillators, or in other words the beat frequency, to extract random frequency jitter. For generating a continuous stream of random bits with a high entropy level, the lower significant bits meeting the NIST randomness criteria are concatenated. The generation efficiency is further improved by utilizing a multi-phase structure. The proposed circuit fabricated in 65nm achieves an energy efficiency of 15.1Mb/mW at 0.8V. Experimental data collected from eight TRNG test chips passed all 15 NIST tests without the use of any feedback or tracking scheme.",

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AB - A fully-digital True Random Number Generator (TRNG) measures the frequency difference between two free-running ring oscillators, or in other words the beat frequency, to extract random frequency jitter. For generating a continuous stream of random bits with a high entropy level, the lower significant bits meeting the NIST randomness criteria are concatenated. The generation efficiency is further improved by utilizing a multi-phase structure. The proposed circuit fabricated in 65nm achieves an energy efficiency of 15.1Mb/mW at 0.8V. Experimental data collected from eight TRNG test chips passed all 15 NIST tests without the use of any feedback or tracking scheme.

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True Random Number Generator circuits based on single- and multi-phase beat frequency detection

Abstract

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