Treatment Patterns and Outcomes of Patients With Myelodysplastic Syndrome (MDS) by IPSS-R Scores at Academic Cancer Centers

This study describes treatment patterns and clinical and economic outcomes of patients with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) by Revised International Prognostic Scoring System (IPSS-R) risk scores. A retrospective cohort study was conducted including adults diagnosed with MDS between 2010 and 2020 within two academic institutions. A total of 369 patients were included. Hypomethylating agents (HMAs) were used as first-line therapy in 81% (n = 230) and 51% (n = 44) of higher-risk (HR) and lower-risk (LR) patients, respectively. Second-line therapy was received by 24% of patients. Complete response was achieved by 11% of HR patients (median duration: 24 months). Median PFS and OS were 9.5 and 18.8 months in the HR cohort and 18.8 and 25.6 months in the LR cohort. Mean MDS-related healthcare charges per patient per month were > 2-fold higher among HR patients compared to LR (p < 0.001). An unmet need exists for first and subsequent lines of therapy.