Treatment of non-traumatic out-of-hospital cardiac arrest with active compression decompression cardiopulmonary resuscitation plus an impedance threshold device

Ralph J. Frascone, Marvin A. Wayne, Robert A. Swor, Brian D. Mahoney, Robert M. Domeier, Michael L. Olinger, David E. Tupper, Cindy M. Setum, Nathan Burkhart, Lucinda Klann, Joshua G. Salzman, Sandi S. Wewerka, Demetris Yannopoulos, Keith G. Lurie, Brian J. O'Neil, Richard G. Holcomb, Tom P. Aufderheide

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

51 Scopus citations

Abstract

Background: A recent out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) clinical trial showed improved survival to hospital discharge (HD) with favorable neurologic function for patients with cardiac arrest of cardiac origin treated with active compression decompression cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) plus an impedance threshold device (ACD. +. ICD) versus standard (S) CPR. The current analysis examined whether treatment with ACD. +. ITD is more effective than standard (S-CPR) for all cardiac arrests of non-traumatic origin, regardless of the etiology. Methods: This is a secondary analysis of data from a randomized, prospective, multicenter, intention-to-treat, OHCA clinical trial. Adults with presumed non-traumatic cardiac arrest were enrolled and followed for one year post arrest. The primary endpoint was survival to hospital discharge (HD) with favorable neurologic function (Modified Rankin Scale score. ≤. 3). Results: Between October 2005 and July 2009, 2738 patients were enrolled (S-CPR. = 1335; ACD. +. ITD. = 1403). Survival to HD with favorable neurologic function was greater with ACD. +. ITD compared with S-CPR: 7.9% versus 5.7%, (OR 1.42, 95% CI 1.04, 1.95, p= 0.027). One-year survival was also greater: 7.9% versus 5.7%, (OR 1.43, 95% CI 1.04, 1.96, p= 0.026). Nearly all survivors in both groups had returned to their baseline neurological function by one year. Major adverse event rates were similar between groups. Conclusions: Treatment of out-of-hospital non-traumatic cardiac arrest patients with ACD. +. ITD resulted in a significant increase in survival to hospital discharge with favorable neurological function when compared with S-CPR. A significant increase survival rates was observed up to one year after arrest in subjects treated with ACD. +. ITD, regardless of the etiology of the cardiac arrest.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)1214-1222
Number of pages9
JournalResuscitation
Volume84
Issue number9
DOIs
StatePublished - Sep 2013

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
US National Institutes of Health grant R44-HL065851-03 Advanced Circulatory Systems, Inc. The investigational plan was approved by the NIH, and a representative of the NIH participated as a member of the Data and Safety Monitoring Board. The study sponsor, Advanced Circulatory Systems, Inc., assisted with designing the study, obtaining government funding, interpreting the data, and in preparing the manuscript. The sponsor was not involved with patient care or assessment of patient neurologic status during follow up.

Keywords

  • Cardiopulmonary resuscitation
  • Heart arrest
  • Mortality
  • Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest
  • Outcome
  • Randomized controlled trial

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