TY - JOUR
T1 - Three-dimensional visualization of physiologically based kinetic model outputs
AU - Nichols, J.
AU - Rheingans, P.
AU - Lothenbach, D.
AU - McGeachie, R.
AU - Skow, L.
AU - McKim, J.
PY - 1994
Y1 - 1994
N2 - Outputs from a physiologically based toxicokinetic (PB-TK) model for fish were visualized by mapping time-series data for specific tissues onto a three-dimensional representation of a rainbow trout. The trout representation was generated in stepwise fashion: 1) cross-sectional images were obtained from an anesthetized fish using a magnetic resonance imaging system, 2) images were processed to classify tissue types and eliminate unnecessary detail, 3) processed images were imported to a visualization software package (Application Visualization System) to create a three-dimensional representation of the fish, encapsulating five volumes corresponding to the liver, kidney, muscle, gastrointestinal tract, and fat. Kinetic data for the disposition of pentachloroethane in trout were generated using a PB-TK model. Model outputs were mapped onto corresponding tissue volumes, representing chemical concentration as color intensity. The workstation software was then used to animate the images, illustrating the accumulation of pentachloroethane in each tissue during a continuous branchial (gill) exposure.
AB - Outputs from a physiologically based toxicokinetic (PB-TK) model for fish were visualized by mapping time-series data for specific tissues onto a three-dimensional representation of a rainbow trout. The trout representation was generated in stepwise fashion: 1) cross-sectional images were obtained from an anesthetized fish using a magnetic resonance imaging system, 2) images were processed to classify tissue types and eliminate unnecessary detail, 3) processed images were imported to a visualization software package (Application Visualization System) to create a three-dimensional representation of the fish, encapsulating five volumes corresponding to the liver, kidney, muscle, gastrointestinal tract, and fat. Kinetic data for the disposition of pentachloroethane in trout were generated using a PB-TK model. Model outputs were mapped onto corresponding tissue volumes, representing chemical concentration as color intensity. The workstation software was then used to animate the images, illustrating the accumulation of pentachloroethane in each tissue during a continuous branchial (gill) exposure.
KW - Magnetic resonance imaging
KW - Physiologically based kinetic model
KW - Rainbow trout
KW - Three-dimensional visualization
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U2 - 10.1289/ehp.94102952
DO - 10.1289/ehp.94102952
M3 - Article
C2 - 9738209
AN - SCOPUS:0028596548
SN - 0091-6765
VL - 102
SP - 952
EP - 956
JO - Environmental health perspectives
JF - Environmental health perspectives
IS - 11
ER -