Three decades of declining natural foods alters bottom-up pressures on American black bears

Keyphrases

• Natural Food 100%
• Timber Harvesting 100%
• American Black Bear 100%
• Fruit Production 100%
• Food Availability 100%
• Bottom-hole Pressure 100%
• Bear Management 100%
• Minnesota 50%
• North Central 50%
• North America 50%
• Food Production 50%
• Forest Type 50%
• Invasive Earthworms 50%
• Forest Stand 50%
• Ursus Americanus 50%
• Plant Species 50%
• Spatial Variability 50%
• Pollination 50%
• Landscape Scale 50%
• Bootstrap 50%
• Population Growth 50%
• Light Penetration 50%
• Two-sample T-test 50%
• Interannual Variation 50%
• Long-term Trends 50%
• Hunting Pressure 50%
• Generalized Linear Mixed Model 50%
• Sampling Period 50%
• Fruit Quality 50%
• Top-down Forces 50%
• Canopy Closure 50%
• Wildlife Management 50%
• Bottom-up Forces 50%
• Group Availability 50%
• Deer Browsing 50%
• Tall Shrubs 50%
• Fruit Availability 50%
• Forest Maturation 50%
• Fruit Biomass 50%

Agricultural and Biological Sciences

• American Black Bear 100%
• Natural Food 100%
• Fruiting 66%
• Food Availability 66%
• Forest Types 33%
• Forest Stands 33%
• Wildlife Management 33%
• Population Growth 33%