The Management of Complications of Feminizing Gender Affirming Genital Surgery

Penile inversion vaginoplasty is the most common technique used for gender affirming genital surgery in the treatment of gender dysphoria among transwomen. As vaginoplasty becomes more widely available, the management of associated complications has become its own field. There is a relative dearth of literature on surgery for complications following vaginoplasty. This review illustrates surgical technique and management options for patient reported complaints and complications following vaginoplasty. The goal of this manuscript is 2-fold (1) to introduce community surgeons to common postoperative issues they may encounter and (2) provide a systematic operative approach to complications for reconstructive surgeons who see transgender patients regularly.