Abstract
Emergency response during a highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) outbreak may involve quarantine and movement controls for poultry products such as eggs. However, such disease control measures may disrupt business continuity and impact food security, since egg production facilities often do not have sufficient capacity to store eggs for prolonged periods. We propose the incorporation of a holding time before egg movement in conjunction with targeted active surveillance as a novel approach to move eggs from flocks within a control area with a low likelihood of them being contaminated with HPAI virus. Holding time reduces the likelihood of HPAI-contaminated eggs being moved from a farm before HPAI infection is detected in the flock. We used a stochastic disease transmission model to estimate the HPAI disease prevalence, disease mortality, and fraction of internally contaminated eggs at various time points postinfection of a commercial table-egg layer flock. The transmission model results were then used in a simulation model of a targeted matrix gene real-time reverse transcriptase (RRT)-PCR testing based surveillance protocol to estimate the time to detection and the number of contaminated eggs moved under different holding times. Our simulation results indicate a significant reduction in the number of internally contaminated eggs moved from an HPAI-infected undetected flock with each additional day of holding time. Incorporation of a holding time and the use of targeted surveillance have been adopted by the U.S. Department of Agriculture in their Draft Secure Egg Supply Plan for movement of egg industry products during an HPAI outbreak.
| Original language | English (US) |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 897-904 |
| Number of pages | 8 |
| Journal | Avian Diseases |
| Volume | 56 |
| Issue number | 4 SUPPL.1 |
| DOIs | |
| State | Published - Dec 1 2012 |
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Keywords
- Egg production
- egg layers
- food security
- highly pathogenic avian influenza
- risk assessment
- surveillance
Cite this
The impact of holding time on the likelihood of moving internally contaminated eggs from a highly pathogenic avian influenza infected but undetected commercial table-egg layer flock. / Malladi, Sasidhar; Weaver, J. Todd; Goldsmith, Timothy J; Hueston, Will; Voss, Shauna; Funk, Janel; Der, Christina; Bjork, Kathe E.; Clouse, Timothy L.; Hennessey, Morgan; Sampedro, Fernando; Lee, Brendan; Halvorson, David A.
In: Avian Diseases, Vol. 56, No. 4 SUPPL.1, 01.12.2012, p. 897-904.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - The impact of holding time on the likelihood of moving internally contaminated eggs from a highly pathogenic avian influenza infected but undetected commercial table-egg layer flock
AU - Malladi, Sasidhar
AU - Weaver, J. Todd
AU - Goldsmith, Timothy J
AU - Hueston, Will
AU - Voss, Shauna
AU - Funk, Janel
AU - Der, Christina
AU - Bjork, Kathe E.
AU - Clouse, Timothy L.
AU - Hennessey, Morgan
AU - Sampedro, Fernando
AU - Lee, Brendan
AU - Halvorson, David A
PY - 2012/12/1
Y1 - 2012/12/1
N2 - Emergency response during a highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) outbreak may involve quarantine and movement controls for poultry products such as eggs. However, such disease control measures may disrupt business continuity and impact food security, since egg production facilities often do not have sufficient capacity to store eggs for prolonged periods. We propose the incorporation of a holding time before egg movement in conjunction with targeted active surveillance as a novel approach to move eggs from flocks within a control area with a low likelihood of them being contaminated with HPAI virus. Holding time reduces the likelihood of HPAI-contaminated eggs being moved from a farm before HPAI infection is detected in the flock. We used a stochastic disease transmission model to estimate the HPAI disease prevalence, disease mortality, and fraction of internally contaminated eggs at various time points postinfection of a commercial table-egg layer flock. The transmission model results were then used in a simulation model of a targeted matrix gene real-time reverse transcriptase (RRT)-PCR testing based surveillance protocol to estimate the time to detection and the number of contaminated eggs moved under different holding times. Our simulation results indicate a significant reduction in the number of internally contaminated eggs moved from an HPAI-infected undetected flock with each additional day of holding time. Incorporation of a holding time and the use of targeted surveillance have been adopted by the U.S. Department of Agriculture in their Draft Secure Egg Supply Plan for movement of egg industry products during an HPAI outbreak.
AB - Emergency response during a highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) outbreak may involve quarantine and movement controls for poultry products such as eggs. However, such disease control measures may disrupt business continuity and impact food security, since egg production facilities often do not have sufficient capacity to store eggs for prolonged periods. We propose the incorporation of a holding time before egg movement in conjunction with targeted active surveillance as a novel approach to move eggs from flocks within a control area with a low likelihood of them being contaminated with HPAI virus. Holding time reduces the likelihood of HPAI-contaminated eggs being moved from a farm before HPAI infection is detected in the flock. We used a stochastic disease transmission model to estimate the HPAI disease prevalence, disease mortality, and fraction of internally contaminated eggs at various time points postinfection of a commercial table-egg layer flock. The transmission model results were then used in a simulation model of a targeted matrix gene real-time reverse transcriptase (RRT)-PCR testing based surveillance protocol to estimate the time to detection and the number of contaminated eggs moved under different holding times. Our simulation results indicate a significant reduction in the number of internally contaminated eggs moved from an HPAI-infected undetected flock with each additional day of holding time. Incorporation of a holding time and the use of targeted surveillance have been adopted by the U.S. Department of Agriculture in their Draft Secure Egg Supply Plan for movement of egg industry products during an HPAI outbreak.
KW - Egg production
KW - egg layers
KW - food security
KW - highly pathogenic avian influenza
KW - risk assessment
KW - surveillance
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84871961034&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=84871961034&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1637/10191-041012-Reg.1
DO - 10.1637/10191-041012-Reg.1
M3 - Article
VL - 56
SP - 897
EP - 904
JO - Avian Diseases
JF - Avian Diseases
SN - 0005-2086
IS - 4 SUPPL.1
ER -