The Effect of Atorvastatin on Vascular Function and Structure in Young Adult Survivors of Childhood Cancer: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Pilot Clinical Trial

Kara L. Marlatt, Julia Steinberger, Kyle D. Rudser, Donald R. Dengel, Karim T. Sadak, Jill L. Lee, Anne H. Blaes, Daniel A. Duprez, Joanna L. Perkins, Julie A. Ross, Aaron S. Kelly

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

15 Scopus citations

Abstract

Many adult survivors of childhood cancer are at high-risk of developing cardiovascular disease. Cancer therapy may cause damage to the vascular endothelium, thereby initiating atherosclerosis. Atorvastatin has been shown to improve endothelial function independent of reducing cholesterol, as well as reduce/slow arterial stiffness and thickening, yet has never been studied in childhood cancer survivors (CCS). Methods: Twenty-seven young adult (age 26.8 ± 6.2 years) survivors of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia or Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma were randomly assigned (1:1) 40 mg/day of atorvastatin or placebo for 6 months. Brachial artery flow-mediated dilation (FMD), small artery reactive hyperemia index (RHI), arterial stiffness, and carotid artery elasticity/thickness were assessed. Results: Fifteen participants completed the trial. No significant treatment effect for any vascular outcomes was observed at 6 months; however, a significant decrease in peak FMD (-3.0 [95% confidence interval [CI]: -5.3, -0.7]) and a trending significant decrease in RHI (-0.3 [95% CI: -0.62, 0.01]) was observed in the placebo group, resulting in a trend toward a treatment effects (p < 0.10). No effect on arterial stiffness, carotid arterial elasticity, or thickness was observed. Conclusion: Six months of atorvastatin treatment did not improve endothelial function or arterial stiffness in young adult CCS. While a trend toward an improvement in endothelial function was present, findings should be interpreted with caution owing to the small number of evaluable participants and subsequent lack of sufficient power. Further research in a larger sample size is needed to fully elucidate the effects of atorvastatin on vascular function. Trial registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT01733953.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)442-450
Number of pages9
JournalJournal of Adolescent and Young Adult Oncology
Volume8
Issue number4
DOIs
StatePublished - Aug 2019

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
This study was supported by funding from the Children's Cancer Research Fund Hodder Chair (to J.A.R.); the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences of the National Institutes of Health Award (UL1TR000114); as well as the American Heart Association Pre-Doctoral Fellowship Award: 0410034Z (to K.L.M.).

Funding Information:
This study was supported by funding from the Children’s Cancer Research Fund Hodder Chair (to J.A.R.); the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences of the National Institutes of Health Award (UL1TR000114); as well as the American Heart Association Pre-Doctoral Fellowship Award: 0410034Z (to K.L.M.).

Publisher Copyright:
© 2019, Mary Ann Liebert, Inc., publishers 2019.

Copyright:
Copyright 2019 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.

Keywords

  • cardiovascular
  • statin
  • trial
  • vascular

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