Abstract
We present the complete sample of stripped-envelope supernova (SN) spectra observed by the Lick Observatory Supernova Search (LOSS) collaboration over the last three decades: 888 spectra of 302 SNe, 652 published here for the first time, with 384 spectra (of 92 SNe) having photometrically determined phases. After correcting for redshift and Milky Way dust reddening and reevaluating the spectroscopic classifications for each SN, we construct mean spectra of the three major spectral subtypes (Types IIb, Ib, and Ic) binned by phase.We compare measures of line strengths and widths made from this sample to the results of previous efforts, confirming that OI λ7774 absorption is stronger and found at higher velocity in Type Ic SNe than in Types Ib or IIb SNe in the first ~30 days after peak brightness, though the widths of nebular emission lines are consistent across subtypes. We also highlight newly available observations for a few rare subpopulations of interest.
| Original language | English (US) |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 1545-1556 |
| Number of pages | 12 |
| Journal | Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society |
| Volume | 482 |
| Issue number | 2 |
| DOIs | |
| State | Published - Jan 11 2019 |
Bibliographical note
Funding Information:Support for A.V.F.’s SN research group has been provided by the National Science Foundation (NSF), the TABASGO Foundation, Gary and Cynthia Bengier, the Christopher R. Redlich Fund, and the Miller Institute for Basic Research in Science (U.C. Berkeley). A.V.F.’s work was conducted in part at the Aspen Center for Physics, which is supported by NSF grant PHY-1607611; he thanks the Center for its hospitality during the supermassive black holes workshop in June and July 2018. The U.C.S.C. group is supported in part by NSF grant AST-1518052, the Gordon & Betty Moore Foundation, the Heising-Simons Foundation, and by fellowships from the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation and the David and Lucile Packard Foundation to R.J.F. This research has made use of the NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database (NED), which is operated by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under contract with NASA.
Funding Information:
4IRAF is distributed by the National Optical Astronomy Observatory, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under cooperative agreement with the National Science Foundation. 5https://github.com/ishivvers/TheKastShiv 6Our photometry was obtained with the 0.76 -m Katzman Automatic Imaging Telescope (KAIT; Filippenko et al. 2001) at Lick Observatory and, to a much lesser degree, the Lick 1 m Nickel telescope.
Funding Information:
Research at Lick Observatory is partially supported by a generous gift from Google. We also greatly appreciate contributions from numerous individuals, including Charles Baxter and Jinee Tao, Firmin Berta, Marc and Cristina Bensadoun, Frank and Roberta Bliss, Eliza Brown and Hal Candee, Kathy Burck and Gilbert Mon toya, Alan and Jane Chew, David and Linda Cornfield, Michael Danylchuk, Jim and Hildy DeFrisco, William and Phyllis Draper, Luke Ellis and Laura Sawczuk, Jim Erbs and Shan Atkins, Alan Eu-stace and Kathy Kwan, David Friedberg, Harvey Glasser, Charles and Gretchen Gooding, Alan Gould and Diane Tokugawa, Thomas and Dana Grogan, Alan and Gladys Hoefer, Charles and Patricia Hunt, Stephen and Catherine Imbler, Adam and Rita Kablanian, Roger and Jody Lawler, Kenneth and Gloria Levy, Peter Maier, Du-Bose and Nancy Montgomery, Rand Morimoto and Ana Hender-son, Sunil Nagaraj and Mary Katherine Stimmler, Peter and Kristan Norvig, James and Marie O’Brient, Emilie and Doug Ogden, Paul and Sandra Otellini, Jeanne and Sanford Robertson, Stanley and Miriam Schiffman, Thomas and Alison Schneider, Ajay Shah and Lata Krishnan, Alex and Irina Shubat, the Silicon Valley Community Foundation, Mary-Lou Smulders and Nicholas Hodson, Hans Spiller, Alan and Janet Stanford, the Hugh Stuart Center Charitable Trust, Clark and Sharon Winslow, Weldon and Ruth Wood, and many others. KAIT and its ongoing operation were made possible by donations from Sun Microsystems, Inc., the Hewlett-Packard Company, AutoScope Corporation, Lick Observatory, the NSF, the University of California, the Sylvia & Jim Katzman Foundation, and the TABASGO Foundation.
Funding Information:
We would like to thank Brian J. Barris, Peter Blanchard, Joshua S. Bloom, Bethany E. Cobb, Alison Coil, Louis-Benoit Desroches, Andrea Gilbert, Christopher V. Griffith, Luis C. Ho, Saurabh W. Jha, Michael T. Kandrashoff, Minkyu Kim, Nicholas Lee, Adam A. Miller, Matthew R. Moore, Aleksandir Morton, Robin E. Mostardi, Peter E. Nugent, Marina S. Papenkova, Sung Park, Daniel A. Perley, David Pooley, Dovi Poznanski, Adam G. Riess, Brad Tucker, Vivian U, XiangGaoWang, and XiaofengWang for their assistance with some of the observations over the last three decades. We are grateful to the staff at Lick and Keck Observatories for their hard work in making the observations possible. Some of the data presented herein were obtained at the W. M. Keck Observatory, which is operated as a scientific partnership among the California Institute of Technology, the University of California, and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA); the observatory was made possible by the generous financial support of the W. M. Keck Foundation. The authors wish to recognize and acknowledge the very significant cultural role and reverence that the summit of Maunakea has always had within the indigenous Hawaiian community; we are most fortunate to have the opportunity to conduct observations from this mountain. Research at Lick Observatory is partially supported by a generous gift from Google. We also greatly appreciate contributions from numerous individuals, including Charles Baxter and Jinee Tao, Firmin Berta, Marc and Cristina Bensadoun, Frank and Roberta Bliss, Eliza Brown and Hal Candee, Kathy Burck and Gilbert Mon toya, Alan and Jane Chew, David and Linda Cornfield, Michael Danylchuk, Jim and Hildy DeFrisco, William and Phyllis Draper, Luke Ellis and Laura Sawczuk, Jim Erbs and Shan Atkins, Alan Eustace and Kathy Kwan, David Friedberg, Harvey Glasser, Charles and Gretchen Gooding, Alan Gould and Diane Tokugawa, Thomas and Dana Grogan, Alan and Gladys Hoefer, Charles and Patricia Hunt, Stephen and Catherine Imbler, Adam and Rita Kablanian, Roger and Jody Lawler, Kenneth and Gloria Levy, PeterMaier, Du-Bose and Nancy Montgomery, Rand Morimoto and Ana Henderson, Sunil Nagaraj andMary Katherine Stimmler, Peter and Kristan Norvig, James and Marie O'Brient, Emilie and Doug Ogden, Paul and Sandra Otellini, Jeanne and Sanford Robertson, Stanley and Miriam Schiffman, Thomas and Alison Schneider, Ajay Shah and Lata Krishnan, Alex and Irina Shubat, the Silicon Valley Community Foundation, Mary-Lou Smulders and Nicholas Hodson, Hans Spiller, Alan and Janet Stanford, the Hugh Stuart Center Charitable Trust, Clark and Sharon Winslow, Weldon and Ruth Wood, and many others. KAIT and its ongoing operation were made possible by donations from Sun Microsystems, Inc., the Hewlett-Packard Company, AutoScope Corporation, Lick Observatory, the NSF, the University of California, the Sylvia & Jim Katzman Foundation, and the TABASGO Foundation. Support for A.V.F.'s SN research group has been provided by the National Science Foundation (NSF), the TABASGO Foundation, Gary and Cynthia Bengier, the Christopher R. Redlich Fund, and the Miller Institute for Basic Research in Science (U.C. Berkeley). A.V.F.'sworkwas conducted in part at the AspenCenter for Physics, which is supported by NSF grant PHY-1607611; he thanks the Center for its hospitality during the supermassive black holes workshop in June and July 2018. The U.C.S.C. group is supported in part by NSF grant AST-1518052, the Gordon & Betty Moore Foundation, the Heising-Simons Foundation, and by fellowships from the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation and theDavid and Lucile Packard Foundation to R.J.F. This research has made use of the NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database (NED), which is operated by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under contract with NASA
Funding Information:
We would like to thank Brian J. Barris, Peter Blanchard, Joshua S. Bloom, Bethany E. Cobb, Alison Coil, Louis-Benoit Desroches, Andrea Gilbert, Christopher V. Griffith, Luis C. Ho, Saurabh W. Jha, Michael T. Kandrashoff, Minkyu Kim, Nicholas Lee, Adam A. Miller, Matthew R. Moore, Aleksandir Morton, Robin E. Mostardi, Peter E. Nugent, Marina S. Papenkova, Sung Park, Daniel A. Per-ley, David Pooley, Dovi Poznanski, Adam G. Riess, Brad Tucker, Vivian U, XiangGao Wang, and Xiaofeng Wang for their assistance with some of the observations over the last three decades. We are grateful to the staff at Lick and Keck Observatories for their hard work in making the observations possible. Some of the data presented herein were obtained at the W. M. Keck Observatory, which is operated as a scientific partnership among the California Institute of Technology, the University of California, and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA); the observatory was made possible by the generous financial support of the W. M. Keck Foundation. The authors wish to recognize and acknowledge the very significant cultural role and reverence that the summit of Maunakea has always had within the indigenous Hawaiian community; we are most fortunate to have the opportunity to conduct observations from this mountain.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2018 The Author(s). Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Royal Astronomical Society.
Keywords
- Astronomical data bases: miscellaneous
- Stars: massive
- Supernovae: general
- Techniques: spectroscopic