Abstract
Three experiments examined whether second-order conditioning resulted in the formation of a fully-featured temporal map, as proposed by the temporal coding hypothesis. Experiments 1 and 2 examined second-order conditioning with different first- and second-order relationships. Measures of the strength of second-order conditioning were mostly consistent with the temporal coding hypothesis; second-order conditioning was best with arrangements in which CS2 occurred prior to the time that the US normally occurred during CS1-US presentations. However, there was no evidence of anticipatory timing during CS2 during second-order conditioning. A third experiment directly examined whether a fully-featured temporal map was formed during second-order conditioning by examining the acquisition of anticipatory timing in subsequent reinforced second-order trials. The results of Experiment 3 suggested that the effects obtained in Experiments 1 and 2 were due to learning of the temporal order and coincidence of events that resulted in the formation of an ordinal temporal map, but that precise durations were not encoded.
Original language | English (US) |
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Pages (from-to) | 60-72 |
Number of pages | 13 |
Journal | Behavioural Processes |
Volume | 154 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - Sep 2018 |
Externally published | Yes |
Bibliographical note
Funding Information:This research was funded by a project grant ( S15297 ) from the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council , awarded to the University of York.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2018 Elsevier B.V.
Keywords
- Appetitive conditioning
- Rats
- Second-order conditioning
- Temporal map
- Timing