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Abstract
Temperature Controlled Cryoprinting (TCC), employs temperature-controlled freezing to generate a desired ice crystal microstructures in each printed voxel, to yield a 3D printed bioproduct with intended microstructure. We introduce the use of TCC, originally developed for tissue engineering, for food manufacturing. TCC was used to make a beef product with anisotropic texture, for people with dysphagia (food swallowing difficulties). The effects of printing, cross-linking order, and directional freezing rates on the microstructure, viscoelastic and textural properties of TCC beef, were examined. Scanning electron microscopy shows that when directional freezing occurred before cross-linking, the microstructure consists of anisotropic alternating ridges of beef material with elongated pores parallel to the freezing direction. Shear stress tests confirmed that the meat had solid-like behavior and textural anisotropy, a desirable property lacking in conventional isotropic dysphagia foods. International Dysphagia Diet Standardization Initiative tests categorize the TCC beef as level 6 (soft and bite-sized) food. Industrial relevance: The TCC technology can be used to provide texture and anisotropic microstructure to a variety of isotropic food products, such as ground meat, alternative meat or synthetic meat. The TCC technology could be also used for one-step process that combines manufacturing and freezing of foods.
Original language | English (US) |
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Article number | 103362 |
Journal | Innovative Food Science and Emerging Technologies |
Volume | 86 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - Jun 2023 |
Bibliographical note
Funding Information:NSF Engineering Research Center for Advanced Technologies for Preservation of Biological Systems (ATP-Bio) NSF EEC#1941543.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2023
Keywords
- 3D cryoprinting
- Anisotropic texture
- Beef
- Dysphagia
- Microstructure
- Temperature controlled cryoprinting
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ATP-Bio: NSF Engineering Research Center for Advanced Technologies for the Preservation of Biological Systems (ATP-Bio)
Bischof, J. C. (PI), Toner, M. (CoPI), Roehrig, G. H. (CoPI), Aguilar, G. (CoPI), Healy, K. E. (CoPI) & Uygun, K. (Key Personnel)
9/1/20 → 8/31/25
Project: Research project