TY - JOUR
T1 - Sunlight and other determinants of circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels in black and white participants in a nationwide US study
AU - Freedman, D. Michal
AU - Cahoon, Elizabeth K.
AU - Rajaraman, Preetha
AU - Major, Jacqueline M.
AU - Doody, Michele M.
AU - Alexander, Bruce H
AU - Hoffbeck, Richard W.
AU - Kimlin, Michael G.
AU - Graubard, Barry I.
AU - Linet, Martha S.
PY - 2013/1
Y1 - 2013/1
N2 - Circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D), a marker for vitamin D status, is associated with bone health and possibly cancers and other diseases; yet, the determinants of 25(OH)D status, particularly ultraviolet radiation (UVR) exposure, are poorly understood. Determinants of 25(OH)D were analyzed in a subcohort of 1,500 participants of the US Radiologic Technologists (USRT) Study that included whites (n = 842), blacks (n = 646), and people of other races/ethnicities (n = 12). Participants were recruited monthly (2008-2009) across age, sex, race, and ambient UVR level groups. Questionnaires addressing UVR and other exposures were generally completed within 9 days of blood collection. The relation between potential determinants and 25(OH)D levels was examined through regression analysis in a random two-thirds sample and validated in the remaining one third. In the regression model for the full study population, age, race, body mass index, some seasons, hours outdoors being physically active, and vitamin D supplement use were associated with 25(OH)D levels. In whites, generally, the same factors were explanatory. In blacks, only age and vitamin D supplement use predicted 25(OH)D concentrations. In the full population, determinants accounted for 25% of circulating 25(OH)D variability, with similar correlations for subgroups. Despite detailed data on UVR and other factors near the time of blood collection, the ability to explain 25(OH)D was modest.
AB - Circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D), a marker for vitamin D status, is associated with bone health and possibly cancers and other diseases; yet, the determinants of 25(OH)D status, particularly ultraviolet radiation (UVR) exposure, are poorly understood. Determinants of 25(OH)D were analyzed in a subcohort of 1,500 participants of the US Radiologic Technologists (USRT) Study that included whites (n = 842), blacks (n = 646), and people of other races/ethnicities (n = 12). Participants were recruited monthly (2008-2009) across age, sex, race, and ambient UVR level groups. Questionnaires addressing UVR and other exposures were generally completed within 9 days of blood collection. The relation between potential determinants and 25(OH)D levels was examined through regression analysis in a random two-thirds sample and validated in the remaining one third. In the regression model for the full study population, age, race, body mass index, some seasons, hours outdoors being physically active, and vitamin D supplement use were associated with 25(OH)D levels. In whites, generally, the same factors were explanatory. In blacks, only age and vitamin D supplement use predicted 25(OH)D concentrations. In the full population, determinants accounted for 25% of circulating 25(OH)D variability, with similar correlations for subgroups. Despite detailed data on UVR and other factors near the time of blood collection, the ability to explain 25(OH)D was modest.
KW - 25-hydroxyvitamin D
KW - dietary supplements
KW - race
KW - seasons
KW - sex
KW - sunlight
KW - ultraviolet rays
KW - vitamin D
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U2 - 10.1093/aje/kws223
DO - 10.1093/aje/kws223
M3 - Article
C2 - 23292956
AN - SCOPUS:84872240700
SN - 0002-9262
VL - 177
SP - 180
EP - 192
JO - American journal of epidemiology
JF - American journal of epidemiology
IS - 2
ER -