Spousal Influence on Diabetes Self-care: Moderating Effects of Distress and Relationship Quality on Glycemic Control

Emily C. Soriano, James M. Lenhard, Jeffrey S. Gonzalez, Howard Tennen, Sy Miin Chow, Amy K. Otto, Christine Perndorfer, Biing Jiun Shen, Scott D. Siegel, Jean Philippe Laurenceau

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

11 Scopus citations

Abstract

Background: Spouses often attempt to influence patients' diabetes self-care. Spousal influence has been linked to beneficial health outcomes in some studies, but to negative outcomes in others. Purpose: We aimed to clarify the conditions under which spousal influence impedes glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes. Spousal influence was hypothesized to associate with poorer glycemic control among patients with high diabetes distress and low relationship quality. Methods: Patients with type 2 diabetes and their spouses (N = 63 couples) completed self-report measures before patients initiated a 7-day period of continuous glucose monitoring. Mean glucose level and coefficient of variation (CV) were regressed on spousal influence, diabetes distress, relationship quality, and their two- and three-way interactions. Results: The three-way interaction significantly predicted glucose variability, but not mean level. Results revealed a cross-over interaction between spousal influence and diabetes distress at high (but not low) levels of relationship quality, such that spousal influence was associated with less variability among patients with low distress, but more among those with high distress. Among patients with high distress and low relationship quality, a 1 SD increase in spousal influence predicted a difference roughly equivalent to the difference between the sample mean CV and a CV in the unstable glycemia range. Conclusions: This was the first study to examine moderators of the link between spousal influence and glycemic control in diabetes. A large effect was found for glucose variability, but not mean levels. These novel results highlight the importance of intimate relationships in diabetes management.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)123-132
Number of pages10
JournalAnnals of Behavioral Medicine
Volume55
Issue number2
DOIs
StatePublished - Feb 2021
Externally publishedYes

Bibliographical note

Publisher Copyright:
© 2020 Society of Behavioral Medicine 2020. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: [email protected].

Keywords

  • Continuous glucose monitoring
  • Diabetes distress
  • Relationship quality
  • Social control
  • Type 2 diabetes

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