Solar gasification of biomass: Kinetics of pyrolysis and steam gasification in molten salt

Brandon J. Hathaway; Jane H. Davidson; David B. Kittelson

doi:10.1115/IMECE2010-39829

Solar gasification of biomass: Kinetics of pyrolysis and steam gasification in molten salt

Brandon J. Hathaway
, Jane H. Davidson
, David B. Kittelson

Mechanical Engineering

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Conference contribution

Abstract

The use of concentrated solar energy for pyrolysis and gasification of biomass is an efficient means for production of hydrogen rich synthesis gas. Utilizing molten alkali-carbonate salts as a reaction and heat transfer media offers enhanced stability and higher reaction rates to these solar processes. To establish the reaction kinetics, experiments were carried out in an electrically heated molten salt reactor. Cellulose or activated charcoal were pyrolyzed or gasified with steam from 1124 K to 1235 K with and without salt. Arrhenius rate expressions are derived from the data supported by a numerical model of heat and mass transfer. The average rate of the reactions in molten salt, as measured by their reactivity index, is increased by 70% for pyrolysis and by an order of magnitude for steam gasification.

Original language	English (US)
Title of host publication	Energy Systems Analysis, Thermodynamics and Sustainability; NanoEngineering for Energy; Engineering to Address Climate Change
Publisher	American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME)
Pages	383-391
Number of pages	9
Edition	PARTS A AND B
ISBN (Print)	9780791844298
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1115/IMECE2010-39829
State	Published - 2010
Event	ASME 2010 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition, IMECE 2010 - Vancouver, BC, Canada Duration: Nov 12 2010 → Nov 18 2010

Publication series

Name	ASME International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition, Proceedings (IMECE)
Number	PARTS A AND B
Volume	5

Conference

Conference	ASME 2010 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition, IMECE 2010
Country/Territory	Canada
City	Vancouver, BC
Period	11/12/10 → 11/18/10

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

SDG 7 Affordable and Clean Energy

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10.1115/IMECE2010-39829

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Hathaway, B. J., Davidson, J. H., & Kittelson, D. B. (2010). Solar gasification of biomass: Kinetics of pyrolysis and steam gasification in molten salt. In Energy Systems Analysis, Thermodynamics and Sustainability; NanoEngineering for Energy; Engineering to Address Climate Change (PARTS A AND B ed., pp. 383-391). (ASME International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition, Proceedings (IMECE); Vol. 5, No. PARTS A AND B). American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME). https://doi.org/10.1115/IMECE2010-39829

Solar gasification of biomass: Kinetics of pyrolysis and steam gasification in molten salt. / Hathaway, Brandon J.; Davidson, Jane H.; Kittelson, David B.
Energy Systems Analysis, Thermodynamics and Sustainability; NanoEngineering for Energy; Engineering to Address Climate Change. PARTS A AND B. ed. American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), 2010. p. 383-391 (ASME International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition, Proceedings (IMECE); Vol. 5, No. PARTS A AND B).

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Conference contribution

Hathaway, BJ, Davidson, JH & Kittelson, DB 2010, Solar gasification of biomass: Kinetics of pyrolysis and steam gasification in molten salt. in Energy Systems Analysis, Thermodynamics and Sustainability; NanoEngineering for Energy; Engineering to Address Climate Change. PARTS A AND B edn, ASME International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition, Proceedings (IMECE), no. PARTS A AND B, vol. 5, American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), pp. 383-391, ASME 2010 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition, IMECE 2010, Vancouver, BC, Canada, 11/12/10. https://doi.org/10.1115/IMECE2010-39829

Hathaway BJ, Davidson JH, Kittelson DB. Solar gasification of biomass: Kinetics of pyrolysis and steam gasification in molten salt. In Energy Systems Analysis, Thermodynamics and Sustainability; NanoEngineering for Energy; Engineering to Address Climate Change. PARTS A AND B ed. American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME). 2010. p. 383-391. (ASME International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition, Proceedings (IMECE); PARTS A AND B). doi: 10.1115/IMECE2010-39829

Hathaway, Brandon J. ; Davidson, Jane H. ; Kittelson, David B. / Solar gasification of biomass : Kinetics of pyrolysis and steam gasification in molten salt. Energy Systems Analysis, Thermodynamics and Sustainability; NanoEngineering for Energy; Engineering to Address Climate Change. PARTS A AND B. ed. American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), 2010. pp. 383-391 (ASME International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition, Proceedings (IMECE); PARTS A AND B).

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abstract = "The use of concentrated solar energy for pyrolysis and gasification of biomass is an efficient means for production of hydrogen rich synthesis gas. Utilizing molten alkali-carbonate salts as a reaction and heat transfer media offers enhanced stability and higher reaction rates to these solar processes. To establish the reaction kinetics, experiments were carried out in an electrically heated molten salt reactor. Cellulose or activated charcoal were pyrolyzed or gasified with steam from 1124 K to 1235 K with and without salt. Arrhenius rate expressions are derived from the data supported by a numerical model of heat and mass transfer. The average rate of the reactions in molten salt, as measured by their reactivity index, is increased by 70\% for pyrolysis and by an order of magnitude for steam gasification.",

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AB - The use of concentrated solar energy for pyrolysis and gasification of biomass is an efficient means for production of hydrogen rich synthesis gas. Utilizing molten alkali-carbonate salts as a reaction and heat transfer media offers enhanced stability and higher reaction rates to these solar processes. To establish the reaction kinetics, experiments were carried out in an electrically heated molten salt reactor. Cellulose or activated charcoal were pyrolyzed or gasified with steam from 1124 K to 1235 K with and without salt. Arrhenius rate expressions are derived from the data supported by a numerical model of heat and mass transfer. The average rate of the reactions in molten salt, as measured by their reactivity index, is increased by 70% for pyrolysis and by an order of magnitude for steam gasification.

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Solar gasification of biomass: Kinetics of pyrolysis and steam gasification in molten salt

Abstract

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UN SDGs

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