Simultaneous liver transplant and sleeve gastrectomy not associated with worse index admission outcomes compared to liver transplant alone – a retrospective cohort study

Sleeve gastrectomy (SG) at the time of liver transplant (LT) has been argued to decrease resource utilization. However, larger studies examining outcomes are lacking. We aim to determine the outcomes of simultaneous SG and LT compared to LT alone. This is a retrospective cohort study using the 2011–2017 National Inpatient Sample (NIS). The primary outcome was the odds of inpatient mortality in patients undergoing simultaneous SG and LT compared with LT alone. Secondary outcomes included inpatient morbidity, resource utilization, hospital length of stay (LOS), and inflation-adjusted total hospital costs and charges. A total of 45 361 patients underwent LT in the study period, 49 underwent simultaneous SG. Patients undergoing simultaneous LT and SG had lower crude mortality (0.0%) compared to LT alone (2.97%; P = 0.52). There were no statistically significant differences in morbidity, resource utilization, and hospital costs and charges. Patients undergoing simultaneous LT and SG did not have significantly different mortality rates, morbidity, resource utilization, or LOS during the index admission when compared to LT alone. SG may be feasible at the time of LT in very carefully selected patients. Studies should focus in determining which patients are the optimal candidates to undergo simultaneous LT and SG.