TY - JOUR
T1 - Serum Sodium and Pulse Pressure in SPRINT
AU - SPRINT Research Group
AU - Nowak, Kristen L.
AU - Chonchol, Michel
AU - Jovanovich, Anna
AU - You, Zhiying
AU - Bates, Jeffrey
AU - Foy, Capri
AU - Glasser, Stephen
AU - Killeen, Anthony
AU - Rodriguez, Carlos J.
AU - Segal, Mark
AU - Simmons, Debra L.
AU - Taylor, Addison
AU - Lovato, Laura C.
AU - Ambrosius, Walter T.
AU - Supiano, Mark A.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2019 American Journal of Hypertension, Ltd 2019. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: [email protected].
PY - 2019/6/11
Y1 - 2019/6/11
N2 - BACKGROUND: High dietary sodium intake may induce a small, yet physiologically relevant rise in serum sodium concentration, which associates with increased systolic blood pressure. Cellular data suggest that this association is mediated by increased endothelial cell stiffness. We hypothesized that higher serum sodium levels were associated with greater arterial stiffness in participants in the Systolic Blood Pressure Intervention Trial (SPRINT). METHODS: Multivariable linear regression was used to examine the association between baseline serum sodium level and (i) pulse pressure (PP; n = 8,813; a surrogate measure of arterial stiffness) and (ii) carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (CFPWV; n = 591 in an ancillary study to SPRINT). RESULTS: Baseline mean ± SD age was 68 ± 9 years and serum sodium level was 140 ± 2 mmol/L. In the PP analysis, higher serum sodium was associated with increased baseline PP in the fully adjusted model (tertile 3 [≥141 mmol] vs. tertile 2 [139-140 mmol]; β = 0.87, 95% CI = 0.32 to 1.43). Results were similar in those with and without chronic kidney disease. In the ancillary study, higher baseline serum sodium was not associated with increased baseline CFPWV in the fully adjusted model (β = 0.35, 95% CI =-0.14 to 0.84). CONCLUSIONS: Among adults at high risk for cardiovascular events but free from diabetes, higher serum sodium was independently associated with baseline arterial stiffness in SPRINT, as measured by PP, but not by CFPWV. These results suggest that high serum sodium may be a marker of risk for increased PP, a surrogate index of arterial stiffness.
AB - BACKGROUND: High dietary sodium intake may induce a small, yet physiologically relevant rise in serum sodium concentration, which associates with increased systolic blood pressure. Cellular data suggest that this association is mediated by increased endothelial cell stiffness. We hypothesized that higher serum sodium levels were associated with greater arterial stiffness in participants in the Systolic Blood Pressure Intervention Trial (SPRINT). METHODS: Multivariable linear regression was used to examine the association between baseline serum sodium level and (i) pulse pressure (PP; n = 8,813; a surrogate measure of arterial stiffness) and (ii) carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (CFPWV; n = 591 in an ancillary study to SPRINT). RESULTS: Baseline mean ± SD age was 68 ± 9 years and serum sodium level was 140 ± 2 mmol/L. In the PP analysis, higher serum sodium was associated with increased baseline PP in the fully adjusted model (tertile 3 [≥141 mmol] vs. tertile 2 [139-140 mmol]; β = 0.87, 95% CI = 0.32 to 1.43). Results were similar in those with and without chronic kidney disease. In the ancillary study, higher baseline serum sodium was not associated with increased baseline CFPWV in the fully adjusted model (β = 0.35, 95% CI =-0.14 to 0.84). CONCLUSIONS: Among adults at high risk for cardiovascular events but free from diabetes, higher serum sodium was independently associated with baseline arterial stiffness in SPRINT, as measured by PP, but not by CFPWV. These results suggest that high serum sodium may be a marker of risk for increased PP, a surrogate index of arterial stiffness.
KW - CKD
KW - blood pressure
KW - electrolyte imbalances
KW - hypernatremia
KW - hypertension
KW - pulse pressure
KW - pulse-wave velocity
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U2 - 10.1093/ajh/hpz055
DO - 10.1093/ajh/hpz055
M3 - Article
C2 - 30977767
AN - SCOPUS:85067902960
SN - 0895-7061
VL - 32
SP - 649
EP - 656
JO - American journal of hypertension
JF - American journal of hypertension
IS - 7
ER -