Self-management for adults with epilepsy: Aggregate Managing Epilepsy Well Network findings on depressive symptoms

OBJECTIVE: To assess depressive symptom outcomes in a pooled sample of epilepsy self-management randomized controlled trials (RCTs) from the Managing Epilepsy Well (MEW) Network integrated research database (MEW DB).

METHODS: Five prospective RCTs involving 453 adults with epilepsy compared self-management intervention (n = 232) versus treatment as usual or wait-list control outcomes (n = 221). Depression was assessed with the nine-item Patient Health Questionnaire. Other variables included age, gender, race, ethnicity, education, income, marital status, seizure frequency, and quality of life. Follow-up assessments were collapsed into a visit 2 and a visit 3; these were conducted postbaseline.

RESULTS: Mean age was 43.5 years (SD = 12.6), nearly two-thirds were women, and nearly one-third were African American. Baseline sample characteristics were mostly similar in the self-management intervention group versus controls. At follow-up, the self-management group had a significantly greater reduction in depression compared to controls at visit 2 (P < .0001) and visit 3 (P = .0002). Quality of life also significantly improved in the self-management group at visit 2 (P = .001) and visit 3 (P = .005).

SIGNIFICANCE: Aggregate MEW DB analysis of five RCTs found depressive symptom severity and quality of life significantly improved in individuals randomized to self-management intervention versus controls. Evidence-based epilepsy self-management programs should be made more broadly available in neurology practices.