TY - JOUR
T1 - Scalable Electric Vehicle Charging Protocols
AU - Zhang, Liang
AU - Kekatos, Vassilis
AU - Giannakis, Georgios B.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 1969-2012 IEEE.
Copyright:
Copyright 2017 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
PY - 2017/3
Y1 - 2017/3
N2 - Although electric vehicles are considered a viable solution to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, their uncoordinated charging could have adverse effects on power system operation. Nevertheless, the task of optimal electric vehicle charging scales unfavorably with the fleet size and the number of control periods, especially when distribution grid limitations are enforced. To this end, vehicle charging is first tackled using the recently revived Frank-Wolfe method. The novel decentralized charging protocol has minimal computational requirements from vehicle controllers, enjoys provable acceleration over existing alternatives, enhances the security of the pricing mechanism against data attacks, and protects user privacy. To comply with voltage limits, a network-constrained EV charging problem is subsequently formulated. Leveraging a linearized model for unbalanced distribution grids, the goal is to minimize the power supply cost while respecting critical voltage regulation and substation capacity limitations. Optimizing variables across grid nodes is accomplished by exchanging information only between neighboring buses via the alternating direction method of multipliers. Numerical tests corroborate the optimality and efficiency of the novel schemes.
AB - Although electric vehicles are considered a viable solution to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, their uncoordinated charging could have adverse effects on power system operation. Nevertheless, the task of optimal electric vehicle charging scales unfavorably with the fleet size and the number of control periods, especially when distribution grid limitations are enforced. To this end, vehicle charging is first tackled using the recently revived Frank-Wolfe method. The novel decentralized charging protocol has minimal computational requirements from vehicle controllers, enjoys provable acceleration over existing alternatives, enhances the security of the pricing mechanism against data attacks, and protects user privacy. To comply with voltage limits, a network-constrained EV charging problem is subsequently formulated. Leveraging a linearized model for unbalanced distribution grids, the goal is to minimize the power supply cost while respecting critical voltage regulation and substation capacity limitations. Optimizing variables across grid nodes is accomplished by exchanging information only between neighboring buses via the alternating direction method of multipliers. Numerical tests corroborate the optimality and efficiency of the novel schemes.
KW - Alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM)
KW - Frank-Wolfe algorithm
KW - linearized distribution flow model
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U2 - 10.1109/TPWRS.2016.2582903
DO - 10.1109/TPWRS.2016.2582903
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85013822687
VL - 32
SP - 1451
EP - 1462
JO - IEEE Transactions on Power Systems
JF - IEEE Transactions on Power Systems
SN - 0885-8950
IS - 2
M1 - 7496921
ER -