Rsr1 focuses CDC42 activity at hyphal tips and promotes maintenance of hyphal development in Candida albicans

Rebecca Pulver, Timothy Heisel, Sara Gonia, Robert Robins, Jennifer Norton, Paula Haynes, Cheryl A. Gale

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

29 Scopus citations

Abstract

The extremely elongated morphology of fungal hyphae is dependent on the cell's ability to assemble and maintain polarized growth machinery over multiple cell cycles. The different morphologies of the fungus Candida albicans make it an excellent model organism in which to study the spatiotemporal requirements for constitutive polarized growth and the generation of different cell shapes. In C. albicans, deletion of the landmark protein Rsr1 causes defects in morphogenesis that are not predicted from study of the orthologous protein in the related yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, thus suggesting that Rsr1 has expanded functions during polarized growth in C. albicans. Here, we show that Rsr1 activity localizes to hyphal tips by the differential localization of the Rsr1 GTPase-activating protein (GAP), Bud2, and guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF), Bud5. In addition, we find that Rsr1 is needed to maintain the focused localization of hyphal polarity structures and proteins, including Bem1, a marker of the active GTP-bound form of the Rho GTPase, Cdc42. Further, our results indicate that tip-localized Cdc42 clusters are associated with the cell's ability to express a hyphal transcriptional program and that the ability to generate a focused Cdc42 cluster in early hyphae (germ tubes) is needed to maintain hyphal morphogenesis over time. We propose that in C. albicans, Rsr1 "fine-tunes" the distribution of Cdc42 activity and that self-organizing (Rsr1-independent) mechanisms of polarized growth are not sufficient to generate narrow cell shapes or to provide feedback to the transcriptional program during hyphal morphogenesis.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)482-495
Number of pages14
JournalEukaryotic Cell
Volume12
Issue number4
DOIs
StatePublished - Apr 2013

Fingerprint

Dive into the research topics of 'Rsr1 focuses CDC42 activity at hyphal tips and promotes maintenance of hyphal development in Candida albicans'. Together they form a unique fingerprint.

Cite this