Abstract
Approximately 8% of the human genome is made up of endogenous retroviral sequences. As the HIV-1 Tat protein activates the overall expression of the human endogenous retrovirus type K (HERV-K) (HML-2), we used next-generation sequencing to determine which of the 91 currently annotated HERV-K (HML-2) proviruses are regulated by Tat. Transcriptome sequencing of total RNA isolated from Tat- and vehicle-treated peripheral blood lymphocytes from a healthy donor showed that Tat significantly activates expression of 26 unique HERV-K (HML-2) proviruses, silences 12, and does not significantly alter the expression of the remaining proviruses. Quantitative reverse transcription-PCR validation of the sequencing data was performed on Tattreated PBLs of seven donors using provirus-specific primers and corroborated the results with a substantial degree of quantitative similarity.
Original language | English (US) |
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Pages (from-to) | 8924-8935 |
Number of pages | 12 |
Journal | Journal of virology |
Volume | 88 |
Issue number | 16 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - 2014 |
Externally published | Yes |