Reduction in Weight and Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors in Individuals with Type 2 Diabetes One-year results of the Look AHEAD trial

Mark Espeland; Xavier Pi-Sunyer; George Blackburn; Frederick L. Brancati; George A. Bray; Renee Bright; Jeanne M. Clark; Jeffrey M. Curtis; John P. Foreyt; Kathryn Graves; Steven M. Haffner; Barbara Harrison; James O. Hill; Edward S. Horton; John Jakicic; Robert W. Jeffery; Karen C. Johnson; Steven Kahn; David E. Kelley; Abbas E. Kitabchi; William C. Knowler; Cora E. Lewis; Barbara J. Maschak-Carey; Brenda Montgomery; David M. Nathan; Jennifer Patricio; Anne Peters; J. Bruce Redmon; Rebecca S. Reeves; Donna H. Ryan; Monika Safford; Brent Van Dorsten; Thomas A. Wadden; Lynne Wagenknecht; Jacqueline Wesche-Thobaben; Rena R. Wing; Susan Z. Yanovski

doi:10.2337/dc07-0048

Reduction in Weight and Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors in Individuals with Type 2 Diabetes One-year results of the Look AHEAD trial

Mark Espeland, Xavier Pi-Sunyer, George Blackburn, Frederick L. Brancati, George A. Bray, Renee Bright, Jeanne M. Clark, Jeffrey M. Curtis, John P. Foreyt, Kathryn Graves, Steven M. Haffner, Barbara Harrison, James O. Hill, Edward S. Horton, John Jakicic, Robert W. Jeffery, Karen C. Johnson, Steven Kahn, David E. Kelley, Abbas E. KitabchiWilliam C. Knowler, Cora E. Lewis, Barbara J. Maschak-Carey, Brenda Montgomery, David M. Nathan, Jennifer Patricio, Anne Peters, J. Bruce Redmon, Rebecca S. Reeves, Donna H. Ryan, Monika Safford, Brent Van Dorsten, Thomas A. Wadden, Lynne Wagenknecht, Jacqueline Wesche-Thobaben, Rena R. Wing, Susan Z. Yanovski

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

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Abstract

OBJECTIVE - The effectiveness of intentional weight loss in reducing cardiovascular disease (CVD) events in type 2 diabetes is unknown. This report describes 1-year changes in CVD risk factors in a trial designed to examine the long-term effects of an intensive lifestyle intervention on the incidence of major CVD events. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS - This study consisted of a multicentered, randomized, controlled trial of 5,145 individuals with type 2 diabetes, aged 45-74 years, with BMI >25 kg/m² (>27 kg/m ² if taking insulin). An intensive lifestyle intervention (ILI) involving group and individual meetings to achieve and maintain weight loss through decreased caloric intake and increased physical activity was compared with a diabetes support and education (DSE) condition. RESULTS - Participants assigned to ILI lost an average 8.6% of their initial weight vs. 0.7% in DSE group (P < 0.001). Mean fitness increased in ILI by 20.9 vs. 5.8% in DSE (P < 0.001). A greater proportion of ILI participants had reductions in diabetes, hypertension, and lipid-lowering medicines. Mean A1C dropped from 7.3 to 6.6% in ILI (P < 0.001) vs. from 7.3 to 7.2% in DSE. Systolic and diastolic pressure, triglycerides, HDL cholesterol, and urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio improved significantly more in ILI than DSE participants (all P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS - At 1 year, ILI resulted in clinically significant weight loss in people with type 2 diabetes. This was associated with improved diabetes control and CVD risk factors and reduced medicine use in ILI versus DSE. Continued intervention and follow-up will determine whether these changes are maintained and will reduce CVD risk.

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	1374-1383
Number of pages	10
Journal	Diabetes care
Volume	30
Issue number	6
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.2337/dc07-0048
State	Published - May 2007

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
This work was supported in part by the National Institutes of Health [grants T32MH020030 to M.J.L.; R01MH106595 to L.E.D., A.X.M., C.M.N.; R01HD059835 to B.G.; R01MH105379 to N.R.N.; R01MH108641 to N.R.N., and K02AA023239 to A.B.A.]. This work was funded by NIMH/U.S. Army Medical Research and Material Command [R01MH106595] and NIH 5U01MH109539. This work would have not been possible without the financial support provided by Stanley Center for Psychiatric Genetics at the Broad Institute, One Mind, and Cohen Veterans Bioscience.

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Espeland, M., Pi-Sunyer, X., Blackburn, G., Brancati, F. L., Bray, G. A., Bright, R., Clark, J. M., Curtis, J. M., Foreyt, J. P., Graves, K., Haffner, S. M., Harrison, B., Hill, J. O., Horton, E. S., Jakicic, J., Jeffery, R. W., Johnson, K. C., Kahn, S., Kelley, D. E., ... Yanovski, S. Z. (2007). Reduction in Weight and Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors in Individuals with Type 2 Diabetes One-year results of the Look AHEAD trial. Diabetes care, 30(6), 1374-1383. https://doi.org/10.2337/dc07-0048

Espeland, M, Pi-Sunyer, X, Blackburn, G, Brancati, FL, Bray, GA, Bright, R, Clark, JM, Curtis, JM, Foreyt, JP, Graves, K, Haffner, SM, Harrison, B, Hill, JO, Horton, ES, Jakicic, J, Jeffery, RW, Johnson, KC, Kahn, S, Kelley, DE, Kitabchi, AE, Knowler, WC, Lewis, CE, Maschak-Carey, BJ, Montgomery, B, Nathan, DM, Patricio, J, Peters, A, Redmon, JB, Reeves, RS, Ryan, DH, Safford, M, Van Dorsten, B, Wadden, TA, Wagenknecht, L, Wesche-Thobaben, J, Wing, RR & Yanovski, SZ 2007, 'Reduction in Weight and Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors in Individuals with Type 2 Diabetes One-year results of the Look AHEAD trial', Diabetes care, vol. 30, no. 6, pp. 1374-1383. https://doi.org/10.2337/dc07-0048

@article{c505190e8fce411f945e0cd0605c411b,

title = "Reduction in Weight and Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors in Individuals with Type 2 Diabetes One-year results of the Look AHEAD trial",

abstract = "OBJECTIVE - The effectiveness of intentional weight loss in reducing cardiovascular disease (CVD) events in type 2 diabetes is unknown. This report describes 1-year changes in CVD risk factors in a trial designed to examine the long-term effects of an intensive lifestyle intervention on the incidence of major CVD events. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS - This study consisted of a multicentered, randomized, controlled trial of 5,145 individuals with type 2 diabetes, aged 45-74 years, with BMI >25 kg/m2 (>27 kg/m 2 if taking insulin). An intensive lifestyle intervention (ILI) involving group and individual meetings to achieve and maintain weight loss through decreased caloric intake and increased physical activity was compared with a diabetes support and education (DSE) condition. RESULTS - Participants assigned to ILI lost an average 8.6% of their initial weight vs. 0.7% in DSE group (P < 0.001). Mean fitness increased in ILI by 20.9 vs. 5.8% in DSE (P < 0.001). A greater proportion of ILI participants had reductions in diabetes, hypertension, and lipid-lowering medicines. Mean A1C dropped from 7.3 to 6.6% in ILI (P < 0.001) vs. from 7.3 to 7.2% in DSE. Systolic and diastolic pressure, triglycerides, HDL cholesterol, and urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio improved significantly more in ILI than DSE participants (all P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS - At 1 year, ILI resulted in clinically significant weight loss in people with type 2 diabetes. This was associated with improved diabetes control and CVD risk factors and reduced medicine use in ILI versus DSE. Continued intervention and follow-up will determine whether these changes are maintained and will reduce CVD risk.",

author = "Mark Espeland and Xavier Pi-Sunyer and George Blackburn and Brancati, {Frederick L.} and Bray, {George A.} and Renee Bright and Clark, {Jeanne M.} and Curtis, {Jeffrey M.} and Foreyt, {John P.} and Kathryn Graves and Haffner, {Steven M.} and Barbara Harrison and Hill, {James O.} and Horton, {Edward S.} and John Jakicic and Jeffery, {Robert W.} and Johnson, {Karen C.} and Steven Kahn and Kelley, {David E.} and Kitabchi, {Abbas E.} and Knowler, {William C.} and Lewis, {Cora E.} and Maschak-Carey, {Barbara J.} and Brenda Montgomery and Nathan, {David M.} and Jennifer Patricio and Anne Peters and Redmon, {J. Bruce} and Reeves, {Rebecca S.} and Ryan, {Donna H.} and Monika Safford and {Van Dorsten}, Brent and Wadden, {Thomas A.} and Lynne Wagenknecht and Jacqueline Wesche-Thobaben and Wing, {Rena R.} and Yanovski, {Susan Z.}",

note = "Funding Information: This work was supported in part by the National Institutes of Health [grants T32MH020030 to M.J.L.; R01MH106595 to L.E.D., A.X.M., C.M.N.; R01HD059835 to B.G.; R01MH105379 to N.R.N.; R01MH108641 to N.R.N., and K02AA023239 to A.B.A.]. This work was funded by NIMH/U.S. Army Medical Research and Material Command [R01MH106595] and NIH 5U01MH109539. This work would have not been possible without the financial support provided by Stanley Center for Psychiatric Genetics at the Broad Institute, One Mind, and Cohen Veterans Bioscience.",

year = "2007",

month = may,

doi = "10.2337/dc07-0048",

language = "English (US)",

volume = "30",

pages = "1374--1383",

journal = "Diabetes care",

issn = "0149-5992",

publisher = "American Diabetes Association Inc.",

number = "6",

}

TY - JOUR

T1 - Reduction in Weight and Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors in Individuals with Type 2 Diabetes One-year results of the Look AHEAD trial

AU - Espeland, Mark

AU - Pi-Sunyer, Xavier

AU - Blackburn, George

AU - Brancati, Frederick L.

AU - Bray, George A.

AU - Bright, Renee

AU - Clark, Jeanne M.

AU - Curtis, Jeffrey M.

AU - Foreyt, John P.

AU - Graves, Kathryn

AU - Haffner, Steven M.

AU - Harrison, Barbara

AU - Hill, James O.

AU - Horton, Edward S.

AU - Jakicic, John

AU - Jeffery, Robert W.

AU - Johnson, Karen C.

AU - Kahn, Steven

AU - Kelley, David E.

AU - Kitabchi, Abbas E.

AU - Knowler, William C.

AU - Lewis, Cora E.

AU - Maschak-Carey, Barbara J.

AU - Montgomery, Brenda

AU - Nathan, David M.

AU - Patricio, Jennifer

AU - Peters, Anne

AU - Redmon, J. Bruce

AU - Reeves, Rebecca S.

AU - Ryan, Donna H.

AU - Safford, Monika

AU - Van Dorsten, Brent

AU - Wadden, Thomas A.

AU - Wagenknecht, Lynne

AU - Wesche-Thobaben, Jacqueline

AU - Wing, Rena R.

AU - Yanovski, Susan Z.

N1 - Funding Information: This work was supported in part by the National Institutes of Health [grants T32MH020030 to M.J.L.; R01MH106595 to L.E.D., A.X.M., C.M.N.; R01HD059835 to B.G.; R01MH105379 to N.R.N.; R01MH108641 to N.R.N., and K02AA023239 to A.B.A.]. This work was funded by NIMH/U.S. Army Medical Research and Material Command [R01MH106595] and NIH 5U01MH109539. This work would have not been possible without the financial support provided by Stanley Center for Psychiatric Genetics at the Broad Institute, One Mind, and Cohen Veterans Bioscience.

PY - 2007/5

Y1 - 2007/5

N2 - OBJECTIVE - The effectiveness of intentional weight loss in reducing cardiovascular disease (CVD) events in type 2 diabetes is unknown. This report describes 1-year changes in CVD risk factors in a trial designed to examine the long-term effects of an intensive lifestyle intervention on the incidence of major CVD events. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS - This study consisted of a multicentered, randomized, controlled trial of 5,145 individuals with type 2 diabetes, aged 45-74 years, with BMI >25 kg/m2 (>27 kg/m 2 if taking insulin). An intensive lifestyle intervention (ILI) involving group and individual meetings to achieve and maintain weight loss through decreased caloric intake and increased physical activity was compared with a diabetes support and education (DSE) condition. RESULTS - Participants assigned to ILI lost an average 8.6% of their initial weight vs. 0.7% in DSE group (P < 0.001). Mean fitness increased in ILI by 20.9 vs. 5.8% in DSE (P < 0.001). A greater proportion of ILI participants had reductions in diabetes, hypertension, and lipid-lowering medicines. Mean A1C dropped from 7.3 to 6.6% in ILI (P < 0.001) vs. from 7.3 to 7.2% in DSE. Systolic and diastolic pressure, triglycerides, HDL cholesterol, and urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio improved significantly more in ILI than DSE participants (all P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS - At 1 year, ILI resulted in clinically significant weight loss in people with type 2 diabetes. This was associated with improved diabetes control and CVD risk factors and reduced medicine use in ILI versus DSE. Continued intervention and follow-up will determine whether these changes are maintained and will reduce CVD risk.

AB - OBJECTIVE - The effectiveness of intentional weight loss in reducing cardiovascular disease (CVD) events in type 2 diabetes is unknown. This report describes 1-year changes in CVD risk factors in a trial designed to examine the long-term effects of an intensive lifestyle intervention on the incidence of major CVD events. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS - This study consisted of a multicentered, randomized, controlled trial of 5,145 individuals with type 2 diabetes, aged 45-74 years, with BMI >25 kg/m2 (>27 kg/m 2 if taking insulin). An intensive lifestyle intervention (ILI) involving group and individual meetings to achieve and maintain weight loss through decreased caloric intake and increased physical activity was compared with a diabetes support and education (DSE) condition. RESULTS - Participants assigned to ILI lost an average 8.6% of their initial weight vs. 0.7% in DSE group (P < 0.001). Mean fitness increased in ILI by 20.9 vs. 5.8% in DSE (P < 0.001). A greater proportion of ILI participants had reductions in diabetes, hypertension, and lipid-lowering medicines. Mean A1C dropped from 7.3 to 6.6% in ILI (P < 0.001) vs. from 7.3 to 7.2% in DSE. Systolic and diastolic pressure, triglycerides, HDL cholesterol, and urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio improved significantly more in ILI than DSE participants (all P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS - At 1 year, ILI resulted in clinically significant weight loss in people with type 2 diabetes. This was associated with improved diabetes control and CVD risk factors and reduced medicine use in ILI versus DSE. Continued intervention and follow-up will determine whether these changes are maintained and will reduce CVD risk.

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SN - 0149-5992

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JO - Diabetes care

JF - Diabetes care

IS - 6

ER -

Reduction in Weight and Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors in Individuals with Type 2 Diabetes One-year results of the Look AHEAD trial

Abstract

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