Recent Advances and Applicability of GBS, GWAS, and GS in Soybean

Food security is under threat due to climate change and rising demand. Soybean plays an important role in global food security as it contains about 40% protein and 20% oil in the seed and other important nutritional properties as compared to other grain legumes. Soybean cultivation is expanding at a much faster rate than other major grains or oilseeds. In many parts of the world, the large gap exists between potential and the actual soybean yields obtained by the farmers. Narrowing this gap may lead to an increas in the soybean production. Application of new breeding methods and exploitation of recent biotechnology tools will aid in soybean yield and quality improvement. The marker-assisted selection (MAS) played an important role in the development of new soybean verities in short span compared to conventional method of plant breeding. Development of novel, cost-effective, and dense markers like single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) has further aided in soybean crop improvement through MAS.