Real-World NO X Emissions of Transit Buses Equipped with Diesel Exhaust Aftertreatment Systems

Andrew J. Kotz; David B. Kittelson; William F. Northrop; Niklas Schmidt

doi:10.1007/s40825-017-0064-4

Real-World NO_X Emissions of Transit Buses Equipped with Diesel Exhaust Aftertreatment Systems

Andrew J. Kotz, David B. Kittelson, William F. Northrop, Niklas Schmidt

Mechanical Engineering

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

9 Scopus citations

Abstract

In this work, we compare nitrogen oxide (NO_X) emissions from vehicles equipped with 2013 and 2015 model year (MY) diesel engines and exhaust aftertreatment, both certified to the same emissions standards, over a variety of real-world drive cycles. Our study concludes that 2013MY and 2015MY buses achieved real-world NO_X conversion efficiencies of 75 and 95%, respectively. Engine-out NO_X levels remained unchanged between the two busses when driven over the same transit bus routes. Therefore, emissions reductions are attributed to greater NO_X conversion efficiency by the exhaust aftertreatment system, especially in low catalyst temperature and transient response scenarios. Although it is likely that other transit buses and vocational vehicles will express different characteristics based on their specific operating conditions and powertrain setup; our results show that improvements to aftertreatment systems, in the areas of catalyst activity, aftertreatment controls, and urea dosing strategy can significantly reduce NO_X emissions over the investigated real-world drive cycles.

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	153-160
Number of pages	8
Journal	Emission Control Science and Technology
Volume	3
Issue number	2
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1007/s40825-017-0064-4
State	Published - Jun 1 2017

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
Acknowledgments The authors would like to acknowledge Twin Cities Metro Transit for allowing data collection from in-service transit buses, installing data logging equipment, and for providing access to bus route information. In particular, we would like to acknowledge David Haas at Metro Transit for his critical assistance in coordinating bus schedules and providing technical guidance on this project. We would also like to recognize Cummins Emission Solutions for funding this research and for providing insight and technical assistance throughout the project.

Publisher Copyright:
© 2017, Springer International Publishing Switzerland.

Keywords

Aftertreatment
NO
Real-world
Selective catalytic reduction
Urban bus

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

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10.1007/s40825-017-0064-4

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Cite this

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title = "Real-World NO X Emissions of Transit Buses Equipped with Diesel Exhaust Aftertreatment Systems",

abstract = "In this work, we compare nitrogen oxide (NOX) emissions from vehicles equipped with 2013 and 2015 model year (MY) diesel engines and exhaust aftertreatment, both certified to the same emissions standards, over a variety of real-world drive cycles. Our study concludes that 2013MY and 2015MY buses achieved real-world NOX conversion efficiencies of 75 and 95%, respectively. Engine-out NOX levels remained unchanged between the two busses when driven over the same transit bus routes. Therefore, emissions reductions are attributed to greater NOX conversion efficiency by the exhaust aftertreatment system, especially in low catalyst temperature and transient response scenarios. Although it is likely that other transit buses and vocational vehicles will express different characteristics based on their specific operating conditions and powertrain setup; our results show that improvements to aftertreatment systems, in the areas of catalyst activity, aftertreatment controls, and urea dosing strategy can significantly reduce NOX emissions over the investigated real-world drive cycles.",

keywords = "Aftertreatment, NO, Real-world, Selective catalytic reduction, Urban bus",

author = "Kotz, {Andrew J.} and Kittelson, {David B.} and Northrop, {William F.} and Niklas Schmidt",

note = "Funding Information: Acknowledgments The authors would like to acknowledge Twin Cities Metro Transit for allowing data collection from in-service transit buses, installing data logging equipment, and for providing access to bus route information. In particular, we would like to acknowledge David Haas at Metro Transit for his critical assistance in coordinating bus schedules and providing technical guidance on this project. We would also like to recognize Cummins Emission Solutions for funding this research and for providing insight and technical assistance throughout the project. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2017, Springer International Publishing Switzerland.",

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N1 - Funding Information: Acknowledgments The authors would like to acknowledge Twin Cities Metro Transit for allowing data collection from in-service transit buses, installing data logging equipment, and for providing access to bus route information. In particular, we would like to acknowledge David Haas at Metro Transit for his critical assistance in coordinating bus schedules and providing technical guidance on this project. We would also like to recognize Cummins Emission Solutions for funding this research and for providing insight and technical assistance throughout the project. Publisher Copyright: © 2017, Springer International Publishing Switzerland.

PY - 2017/6/1

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N2 - In this work, we compare nitrogen oxide (NOX) emissions from vehicles equipped with 2013 and 2015 model year (MY) diesel engines and exhaust aftertreatment, both certified to the same emissions standards, over a variety of real-world drive cycles. Our study concludes that 2013MY and 2015MY buses achieved real-world NOX conversion efficiencies of 75 and 95%, respectively. Engine-out NOX levels remained unchanged between the two busses when driven over the same transit bus routes. Therefore, emissions reductions are attributed to greater NOX conversion efficiency by the exhaust aftertreatment system, especially in low catalyst temperature and transient response scenarios. Although it is likely that other transit buses and vocational vehicles will express different characteristics based on their specific operating conditions and powertrain setup; our results show that improvements to aftertreatment systems, in the areas of catalyst activity, aftertreatment controls, and urea dosing strategy can significantly reduce NOX emissions over the investigated real-world drive cycles.

AB - In this work, we compare nitrogen oxide (NOX) emissions from vehicles equipped with 2013 and 2015 model year (MY) diesel engines and exhaust aftertreatment, both certified to the same emissions standards, over a variety of real-world drive cycles. Our study concludes that 2013MY and 2015MY buses achieved real-world NOX conversion efficiencies of 75 and 95%, respectively. Engine-out NOX levels remained unchanged between the two busses when driven over the same transit bus routes. Therefore, emissions reductions are attributed to greater NOX conversion efficiency by the exhaust aftertreatment system, especially in low catalyst temperature and transient response scenarios. Although it is likely that other transit buses and vocational vehicles will express different characteristics based on their specific operating conditions and powertrain setup; our results show that improvements to aftertreatment systems, in the areas of catalyst activity, aftertreatment controls, and urea dosing strategy can significantly reduce NOX emissions over the investigated real-world drive cycles.

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