Reactive species responsible for the inactivation of feline calicivirus by a two-dimensional array of integrated coaxial microhollow dielectric barrier discharges in air

Gaurav Nayak; Hamada A. Aboubakr; Sagar M. Goyal; Peter J. Bruggeman

doi:10.1002/ppap.201700119

Reactive species responsible for the inactivation of feline calicivirus by a two-dimensional array of integrated coaxial microhollow dielectric barrier discharges in air

Gaurav Nayak, Hamada A. Aboubakr, Sagar M. Goyal, Peter J. Bruggeman

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

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Abstract

The use of low-temperature plasmas for bio-decontamination and sterilization has been gaining increased attention. In this study, a two-dimensional array of integrated coaxial microhollow micro-discharges generated in dry air at atmospheric pressure is used to treat metal surfaces (gas-phase) and solution (liquid-phase) contaminated with a known concentration of feline calicivirus (FCV). FCV acts as a surrogate for human norovirus, which is responsible for causing outbreaks of acute gastroenteritis in humans. The decontamination efficacy as well as the primary chemical pathways leading to virus inactivation in both the treatments are studied and compared. It is found that the humidity of the bio-sample for gas-phase treatment in dry air is required to achieve >5 log₁₀ reduction in FCV titer within 3 min. The gas-phase FCV inactivation is found to be due to a combination of ozone (O₃) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS), most likely NO_x. The liquid-phase FCV inactivation mechanism is pH-dependent and is primarily due to RNS, most likely acidified nitrites. O₃ has a negligible effect on FCV suspended in solution. Previous studies performed in a batch reactor have shown that the inactivation pathways through O₃ and RNS are mutually exclusive due to ozone poisoning at high N_xO_y concentrations. The present study employs a flow-through system which avoids accumulation of reactive species and allows for the coexistence of NO_x and O₃ for the gas residence times used in this study, giving rise to these specific inactivation pathways.

Original language	English (US)
Article number	1700119
Journal	Plasma Processes and Polymers
Volume	15
Issue number	1
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1002/ppap.201700119
State	Published - Jan 2018

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
This project was partially supported by the Agriculture and Food Research Initiative of the USDA's National Institute of Food and Agriculture, grant number 2017-67017-26172. GN and PJB also acknowledge funding from the Department of Energy Plasma Science Center through the US Department of Energy, Office of Fusion Energy Sciences, Contract: DE-SC0001939. The authors acknowledge Kyocera Inc., Japan for providing the electrode array used in this research. The authors also thank Dr. João Santos Sousa from Laboratoire de Physique des Gaz et des Plasmas (LPGP), Paris, France for the measurement of singlet delta oxygen.

Funding Information:
DOE, Office of Fusion Energy Sciences, Grant number: DE-SC0001939; USDA, National Institute of Food and Agriculture, Grant number: 2017-67017-26172

Publisher Copyright:
© 2017 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.

Keywords

feline calicivirus
inactivation
microdischarges
nitrogen species
reactive oxygen

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10.1002/ppap.201700119

http://www.mendeley.com/research/reactive-species-responsible-inactivation-feline-calicivirus-twodimensional-array-integrated-coaxial

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title = "Reactive species responsible for the inactivation of feline calicivirus by a two-dimensional array of integrated coaxial microhollow dielectric barrier discharges in air",

abstract = "The use of low-temperature plasmas for bio-decontamination and sterilization has been gaining increased attention. In this study, a two-dimensional array of integrated coaxial microhollow micro-discharges generated in dry air at atmospheric pressure is used to treat metal surfaces (gas-phase) and solution (liquid-phase) contaminated with a known concentration of feline calicivirus (FCV). FCV acts as a surrogate for human norovirus, which is responsible for causing outbreaks of acute gastroenteritis in humans. The decontamination efficacy as well as the primary chemical pathways leading to virus inactivation in both the treatments are studied and compared. It is found that the humidity of the bio-sample for gas-phase treatment in dry air is required to achieve >5 log10 reduction in FCV titer within 3 min. The gas-phase FCV inactivation is found to be due to a combination of ozone (O3) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS), most likely NOx. The liquid-phase FCV inactivation mechanism is pH-dependent and is primarily due to RNS, most likely acidified nitrites. O3 has a negligible effect on FCV suspended in solution. Previous studies performed in a batch reactor have shown that the inactivation pathways through O3 and RNS are mutually exclusive due to ozone poisoning at high NxOy concentrations. The present study employs a flow-through system which avoids accumulation of reactive species and allows for the coexistence of NOx and O3 for the gas residence times used in this study, giving rise to these specific inactivation pathways.",

keywords = "feline calicivirus, inactivation, microdischarges, nitrogen species, reactive oxygen",

author = "Gaurav Nayak and Aboubakr, {Hamada A.} and Goyal, {Sagar M.} and Bruggeman, {Peter J.}",

note = "Funding Information: This project was partially supported by the Agriculture and Food Research Initiative of the USDA's National Institute of Food and Agriculture, grant number 2017-67017-26172. GN and PJB also acknowledge funding from the Department of Energy Plasma Science Center through the US Department of Energy, Office of Fusion Energy Sciences, Contract: DE-SC0001939. The authors acknowledge Kyocera Inc., Japan for providing the electrode array used in this research. The authors also thank Dr. Jo{\~a}o Santos Sousa from Laboratoire de Physique des Gaz et des Plasmas (LPGP), Paris, France for the measurement of singlet delta oxygen. Funding Information: DOE, Office of Fusion Energy Sciences, Grant number: DE-SC0001939; USDA, National Institute of Food and Agriculture, Grant number: 2017-67017-26172 Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2017 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.",

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AU - Goyal, Sagar M.

AU - Bruggeman, Peter J.

N1 - Funding Information: This project was partially supported by the Agriculture and Food Research Initiative of the USDA's National Institute of Food and Agriculture, grant number 2017-67017-26172. GN and PJB also acknowledge funding from the Department of Energy Plasma Science Center through the US Department of Energy, Office of Fusion Energy Sciences, Contract: DE-SC0001939. The authors acknowledge Kyocera Inc., Japan for providing the electrode array used in this research. The authors also thank Dr. João Santos Sousa from Laboratoire de Physique des Gaz et des Plasmas (LPGP), Paris, France for the measurement of singlet delta oxygen. Funding Information: DOE, Office of Fusion Energy Sciences, Grant number: DE-SC0001939; USDA, National Institute of Food and Agriculture, Grant number: 2017-67017-26172 Publisher Copyright: © 2017 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.

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N2 - The use of low-temperature plasmas for bio-decontamination and sterilization has been gaining increased attention. In this study, a two-dimensional array of integrated coaxial microhollow micro-discharges generated in dry air at atmospheric pressure is used to treat metal surfaces (gas-phase) and solution (liquid-phase) contaminated with a known concentration of feline calicivirus (FCV). FCV acts as a surrogate for human norovirus, which is responsible for causing outbreaks of acute gastroenteritis in humans. The decontamination efficacy as well as the primary chemical pathways leading to virus inactivation in both the treatments are studied and compared. It is found that the humidity of the bio-sample for gas-phase treatment in dry air is required to achieve >5 log10 reduction in FCV titer within 3 min. The gas-phase FCV inactivation is found to be due to a combination of ozone (O3) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS), most likely NOx. The liquid-phase FCV inactivation mechanism is pH-dependent and is primarily due to RNS, most likely acidified nitrites. O3 has a negligible effect on FCV suspended in solution. Previous studies performed in a batch reactor have shown that the inactivation pathways through O3 and RNS are mutually exclusive due to ozone poisoning at high NxOy concentrations. The present study employs a flow-through system which avoids accumulation of reactive species and allows for the coexistence of NOx and O3 for the gas residence times used in this study, giving rise to these specific inactivation pathways.

AB - The use of low-temperature plasmas for bio-decontamination and sterilization has been gaining increased attention. In this study, a two-dimensional array of integrated coaxial microhollow micro-discharges generated in dry air at atmospheric pressure is used to treat metal surfaces (gas-phase) and solution (liquid-phase) contaminated with a known concentration of feline calicivirus (FCV). FCV acts as a surrogate for human norovirus, which is responsible for causing outbreaks of acute gastroenteritis in humans. The decontamination efficacy as well as the primary chemical pathways leading to virus inactivation in both the treatments are studied and compared. It is found that the humidity of the bio-sample for gas-phase treatment in dry air is required to achieve >5 log10 reduction in FCV titer within 3 min. The gas-phase FCV inactivation is found to be due to a combination of ozone (O3) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS), most likely NOx. The liquid-phase FCV inactivation mechanism is pH-dependent and is primarily due to RNS, most likely acidified nitrites. O3 has a negligible effect on FCV suspended in solution. Previous studies performed in a batch reactor have shown that the inactivation pathways through O3 and RNS are mutually exclusive due to ozone poisoning at high NxOy concentrations. The present study employs a flow-through system which avoids accumulation of reactive species and allows for the coexistence of NOx and O3 for the gas residence times used in this study, giving rise to these specific inactivation pathways.

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Reactive species responsible for the inactivation of feline calicivirus by a two-dimensional array of integrated coaxial microhollow dielectric barrier discharges in air

Abstract

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