Pulmonary arteriopexy to relieve tracheobronchial compression by dilated pulmonary arteries

Adequate treatment of pulmonary artery compression of the tracheobronchial tree requires a high index of suspicion for the diagnosis, precise localization of the sites of airway compromise by bronchoscopy, and accurate identification of the anatomy of the obstructing vascular structures. Surgical correction of this vascular anomaly to relieve airway compression is necessary in many infants and should be performed promptly. Pulmonary artery plication, arteriopexy, or aneurysmorrhaphy is well tolerated and can be dramatically successful in improving airway patency.