Abstract
The family Pseudoviridae is comprised of a large group of mobile genetic elements found in the genomes of diverse hosts. Members of the family Pseudoviridae and those of the related family Metaviridae are often referred to as long-terminal repeat or LTR retrotransposons. The LTRs delimit the integrated provirus, which typically encodes two genes - gag and pol - whose products function analogously to their retroviral counterparts. Members of the family Pseudoviridae have a characteristic pol gene organization in which the coding region for integrase precedes reverse transcriptase. During replication, reverse transcriptase copies the viral mRNA into cDNA within a nucleoprotein complex called the virus-like particle, prior to inserting the cDNA into the host genome. Three genera constitute the family Pseudoviridae - Pseudovirus, Hemivirus, and Sirevirus. The pseudoviruses and hemiviruses are found in genomes of diverse eukaryotic hosts and are distinguished by the primer used for reverse transcription: the pseudoviruses use a full-length tRNA, whereas the hemiviruses use a tRNA fragment. The sireviruses are found exclusively in plants, and many encode an additional open reading frame downstream of pol reminiscent of retroviral env genes. Despite the presence of the env-like gene, no species in the family Pseudoviridae are known to be infectious.
Original language | English (US) |
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Title of host publication | Encyclopedia of Virology |
Subtitle of host publication | Volume 1-5 |
Publisher | Elsevier Ltd |
Pages | 352-357 |
Number of pages | 6 |
Volume | 1-5 |
ISBN (Electronic) | 9780123739353 |
ISBN (Print) | 9780123744104 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - Jan 1 2008 |
Externally published | Yes |
Bibliographical note
Publisher Copyright:© 2008 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Keywords
- Env
- Gag
- Integrase
- Long terminal repeat
- Pol
- Protease
- Retrotransposon
- Reverse transcriptase
- Strong-stop DNA
- TRNA