Abstract
Importance: Stress cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) is not widely used in current clinical practice, and its ability to predict patient mortality is unknown. Objective: To determine whether stress CMR is associated with patient mortality. Design, Setting, and Participants: Real-world evidence from consecutive clinically ordered CMR examinations. Multicenter study of patients undergoing clinical evaluation of myocardial ischemia. Patients with known or suspected coronary artery disease (CAD) underwent clinical vasodilator stress CMR at 7 different hospitals. An automated process collected data from the finalized clinical reports, deidentified and aggregated the data, and assessed mortality using the US Social Security Death Index. Main Outcomes and Measures: All-cause patient mortality. Results: Of the 9151 patients, the median (interquartile range) patient age was 63 (51-70) years, 55% were men, and the median (interquartile range) body mass index was 29 (25-33) (calculated as weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared). The multicenter automated process yielded 9151 consecutive patients undergoing stress CMR, with 48615 patient-years of follow-up. Of these patients, 4408 had a normal stress CMR examination, 4743 had an abnormal examination, and 1517 died during a median follow-up time of 5.0 years. Using multivariable analysis, addition of stress CMR improved prediction of mortality in 2 different risk models (model 1 hazard ratio [HR], 1.83; 95% CI, 1.63-2.06; P <.001; model 2: HR, 1.80; 95% CI, 1.60-2.03; P <.001) and also improved risk reclassification (net improvement: 11.4%; 95% CI, 7.3-13.6; P <.001). After adjustment for patient age, sex, and cardiac risk factors, Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed a strong association between an abnormal stress CMR and mortality in all patients (HR, 1.883; 95% CI, 1.680-2.112; P <.001), patients with (HR, 1.955; 95% CI, 1.712-2.233; P <.001) and without (HR, 1.578; 95% CI, 1.235-2.2018; P <.001) a history of CAD, and patients with normal (HR, 1.385; 95% CI, 1.194-1.606; P <.001) and abnormal left ventricular ejection fraction (HR, 1.836; 95% CI, 1.299-2.594; P <.001). Conclusions and Relevance: Clinical vasodilator stress CMR is associated with patient mortality in a large, diverse population of patients with known or suspected CAD as well as in multiple subpopulations defined by history of CAD and left ventricular ejection fraction. These findings provide a foundational motivation to study the comparative effectiveness of stress CMR against other modalities..
| Original language | English (US) |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 256-264 |
| Number of pages | 9 |
| Journal | JAMA cardiology |
| Volume | 4 |
| Issue number | 3 |
| DOIs | |
| State | Published - Mar 2019 |
Bibliographical note
Funding Information:Seven geographically diverse medical centers in the United States participated in this study, and the Duke Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Center served as the data coordinating center. The 7 enrolling centers were chosen because they were all using the software needed for collection of multicenter data and also were routinely performing CMR stress testing. Figure 1 depicts the infrastructure we developed and implemented to collect RWE. Construction of the system was funded in part by Small Business Technology Transfer grants from the National Institutes of Health (HL080843, HL106864, and HL117397).
Funding Information:
Funding/Support: Funded in part by grants from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute and the National Institutes of Health (grants R42 HL080843, R42 HL106864, R42 HL117397, R01 HL128278, and K23 HL132011).
Funding Information:
reported grants from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute during the conduct of the study and support from HeartIT outside the submitted work. Dr Weinsaft reported personal fees from Adverum Pharmaceuticals outside the submitted work and direction of a cardiac magnetic resonance imaging core lab for analysis of imaging data acquired as part of an industry sponsored study focused on Friedreich Ataxia. Dr Cargile reported grants and other support from National Institutes of Health during the conduct of the study and support from Heart Imaging Technologies outside the submitted work. Dr Jenista reported grants from Siemens during the conduct of the study and personal fees from HeartIT outside the submitted work. Dr Judd reported grants from National Institutes of Health during the conduct of the study and support from Heart Imaging Technologies outside the submitted work. All other authors have no conflicts of interest.
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© 2019 American Medical Association. All rights reserved.
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