Abstract
To study the prognostic relevance of rare genetic aberrations in acute myeloid leukemia (AML), such as t(16;21), international collaboration is required. Two different types of t(16;21) translocations can be distinguished: t(16;21)(p11;q22), resulting in the FUS-ERG fusion gene; and t(16;21)(q24;q22), resulting in RUNX1-core binding factor (CBFA2T3). We collected data on clinical and biological characteristics of 54 pediatric AML cases with t(16;21) rearrangements from 14 international collaborative study groups participating in the international Berlin-Frankfurt-Münster (I-BFM) AML study group. The AML-BFM cohort diagnosed between 1997 and 2013 was used as a reference cohort. RUNX1-CBFA2T3 (n 5 23) had significantly lower median white blood cell count (12.5 3 109/L, P 5 .03) compared with the reference cohort. FUS-ERG rearranged AML (n 5 31) had no predominant French-American-British (FAB) type, whereas 76% of RUNX1-CBFA2T3 had an M1/M2 FAB type (M1, M2), significantly different from the reference cohort (P 5 .004). Four-year event-free survival (EFS) of patients with FUS-ERG was 7% (standard error [SE] 5 5%), significantly lower compared with the reference cohort (51%, SE 5 1%, P < .001). Four-year EFS of RUNX1-CBFA2T3 was 77% (SE 5 8%, P 5 .06), significantly higher compared with the reference cohort. Cumulative incidence of relapse was 74% (SE 5 8%) in FUS-ERG, 0% (SE 5 0%) in RUNX1-CBFA2T3, compared with 32% (SE 5 1%) in the reference cohort (P < .001). Multivariate analysis identified both FUS-ERG and RUNX1-CBFA2T3 as independent risk factors with hazard ratios of 1.9 (P < .0001) and 0.3 (P 5 .025), respectively. These results describe 2 clinically relevant distinct subtypes of pediatric AML. Similarly to other core-binding factor AMLs, patients with RUNX1-CBFA2T3 rearranged AML may benefit from stratification in the standard risk treatment, whereas patients with FUS-ERG rearranged AML should be considered high-risk.
| Original language | English (US) |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 1548-1592 |
| Number of pages | 45 |
| Journal | Blood |
| Volume | 132 |
| Issue number | 15 |
| DOIs | |
| State | Published - Oct 11 2018 |
Bibliographical note
Funding Information:1Pediatric Oncology/Hematology, Erasmus MC–Sophia Children’s Hospital Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; 2Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Medical School Hannover, Hannover, Germany; 3Acute Myeloid Leukemia-Berlin-Frankfurt-Münster Study Group, Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Essen, Germany; 4Department of Cytogenetics, Saint Louis Hospital, Paris, France; 5Women and Children’s Health, Hematology-Oncology Laboratory, University of Padova, Padova, Italy; 6Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA; 7Children’s Oncology Group, Monrovia, CA; 8Division of Leukemia and Lymphoma, Children’s Cancer Center, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan; 9Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, Rome, Italy; 10Department of Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy; 11Department of Oncology and 12Department of Pathology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN; 13Dutch Childhood Oncology Group, The Hague, The Netherlands; 14Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong; 15Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Cancer Research Institute and St. Anna Children’s Hospital, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; 16Czech Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, University Hospital Motol and Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic; 17Nordic Society for Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Institution for Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; 18Pediatric Hemato-Oncology Department, Ruth Rappaport Children’s Hospital, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel; 19Department of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, Institute of Pediatrics, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland; 20Department of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium; 21Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark; 22Department of Pediatrics, Seattle Children’s Hospital, University of Washington, Seattle, WA; and 23Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, The Netherlands
Publisher Copyright:
© 2018 by The American Society of Hematology.
