Abstract
The unique conditions of the CMS experiment (4 T magnetic field, restricted access, high neutron radiation, and 25-ns bunch-crossings) necessitated the development of a new type of high-rate multichannel hybrid photodiode for the tile/fiber hadronic calorimeter. New complexities arose in the push toward high-rate operation, necessitating design changes in the diode structure and surface treatment. The product is now capable of high-rate operation with low crosstalk and leakage current. Lifetime studies of high-voltage behavior, total charge, and irradiation have shown that the tubes will survive the ten years of CMS running with only a few percent change in gain and manageable leakage current rise.
| Original language | English (US) |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 963-970 |
| Number of pages | 8 |
| Journal | IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science |
| Volume | 49 II |
| Issue number | 3 |
| DOIs | |
| State | Published - Jun 2002 |
Bibliographical note
Funding Information:Manuscript received November 19, 2001; revised February 1, 2002. This work was supported in part by the U.S. Department of Energy under Grant DOE/DE-FG02-94ER40823. The authors are with the Physics Department, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA (e-mail: [email protected]; [email protected]). Publisher Item Identifier S 0018-9499(02)06156-7.
Keywords
- CMS
- Calorimeter
- Hybrid photodiode (HPD)
- Photodetector