Prevention and early detection of prostate cancer

Jack Cuzick; Mangesh A. Thorat; Gerald Andriole; Otis W. Brawley; Powel H. Brown; Zoran Culig; Rosalind A. Eeles; Leslie G. Ford; Freddie C. Hamdy; Lars Holmberg; Dragan Ilic; Timothy J. Key; Carlo La Vecchia; Hans Lilja; Michael Marberger; Frank L. Meyskens; Lori M. Minasian; Chris Parker; Howard L. Parnes; Sven Perner; Harry Rittenhouse; Jack Schalken; Hans Peter Schmid; Bernd J. Schmitz-Dräger; Fritz H. Schröder; Arnulf Stenzl; Bertrand Tombal; Timothy J. Wilt; Alicja Wolk

doi:10.1016/S1470-2045(14)70211-6

Prevention and early detection of prostate cancer

Jack Cuzick, Mangesh A. Thorat, Gerald Andriole, Otis W. Brawley, Powel H. Brown, Zoran Culig, Rosalind A. Eeles, Leslie G. Ford, Freddie C. Hamdy, Lars Holmberg, Dragan Ilic, Timothy J. Key, Carlo La Vecchia, Hans Lilja, Michael Marberger, Frank L. Meyskens, Lori M. Minasian, Chris Parker, Howard L. Parnes, Sven PernerHarry Rittenhouse, Jack Schalken, Hans Peter Schmid, Bernd J. Schmitz-Dräger, Fritz H. Schröder, Arnulf Stenzl, Bertrand Tombal, Timothy J. Wilt, Alicja Wolk

Medicine - Veteran's Administration Medical Center

Research output: Contribution to journal › Review article › peer-review

306 Scopus citations

Abstract

Prostate cancer is a common malignancy in men and the worldwide burden of this disease is rising. Lifestyle modifications such as smoking cessation, exercise, and weight control offer opportunities to reduce the risk of developing prostate cancer. Early detection of prostate cancer by prostate-specific antigen (PSA) screening is controversial, but changes in the PSA threshold, frequency of screening, and the use of other biomarkers have the potential to minimise the overdiagnosis associated with PSA screening. Several new biomarkers for individuals with raised PSA concentrations or those diagnosed with prostate cancer are likely to identify individuals who can be spared aggressive treatment. Several pharmacological agents such as 5α-reductase inhibitors and aspirin could prevent development of prostate cancer. In this Review, we discuss the present evidence and research questions regarding prevention, early detection of prostate cancer, and management of men either at high risk of prostate cancer or diagnosed with low-grade prostate cancer.

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	e484-e492
Journal	The Lancet Oncology
Volume	15
Issue number	11
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/S1470-2045(14)70211-6
State	Published - Oct 1 2014

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
We thank Vesna Florijancic, Liz Pinney, and Ellie Stewart for administrative assistance. This Review was sponsored and funded by the International Society of Cancer Prevention (ISCaP), the European Association of Urology (EAU), the National Cancer Institute, USA (NCI) (grant number 1R13CA171707-01), Prostate Cancer UK, Cancer Research UK (CRUK) (grant number C569/A16477), and the Association for International Cancer Research (AICR). Sponsors and funding sources had no role in the discussion or writing of this manuscript. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not represent the official position of the authors' respective institutions.

Publisher Copyright:
© 2014 Elsevier Ltd.

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10.1016/S1470-2045(14)70211-6

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Cuzick, J., Thorat, M. A., Andriole, G., Brawley, O. W., Brown, P. H., Culig, Z., Eeles, R. A., Ford, L. G., Hamdy, F. C., Holmberg, L., Ilic, D., Key, T. J., Vecchia, C. L., Lilja, H., Marberger, M., Meyskens, F. L., Minasian, L. M., Parker, C., Parnes, H. L., ... Wolk, A. (2014). Prevention and early detection of prostate cancer. The Lancet Oncology, 15(11), e484-e492. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1470-2045(14)70211-6

Cuzick, J, Thorat, MA, Andriole, G, Brawley, OW, Brown, PH, Culig, Z, Eeles, RA, Ford, LG, Hamdy, FC, Holmberg, L, Ilic, D, Key, TJ, Vecchia, CL, Lilja, H, Marberger, M, Meyskens, FL, Minasian, LM, Parker, C, Parnes, HL, Perner, S, Rittenhouse, H, Schalken, J, Schmid, HP, Schmitz-Dräger, BJ, Schröder, FH, Stenzl, A, Tombal, B, Wilt, TJ & Wolk, A 2014, 'Prevention and early detection of prostate cancer', The Lancet Oncology, vol. 15, no. 11, pp. e484-e492. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1470-2045(14)70211-6

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abstract = "Prostate cancer is a common malignancy in men and the worldwide burden of this disease is rising. Lifestyle modifications such as smoking cessation, exercise, and weight control offer opportunities to reduce the risk of developing prostate cancer. Early detection of prostate cancer by prostate-specific antigen (PSA) screening is controversial, but changes in the PSA threshold, frequency of screening, and the use of other biomarkers have the potential to minimise the overdiagnosis associated with PSA screening. Several new biomarkers for individuals with raised PSA concentrations or those diagnosed with prostate cancer are likely to identify individuals who can be spared aggressive treatment. Several pharmacological agents such as 5α-reductase inhibitors and aspirin could prevent development of prostate cancer. In this Review, we discuss the present evidence and research questions regarding prevention, early detection of prostate cancer, and management of men either at high risk of prostate cancer or diagnosed with low-grade prostate cancer.",

author = "Jack Cuzick and Thorat, {Mangesh A.} and Gerald Andriole and Brawley, {Otis W.} and Brown, {Powel H.} and Zoran Culig and Eeles, {Rosalind A.} and Ford, {Leslie G.} and Hamdy, {Freddie C.} and Lars Holmberg and Dragan Ilic and Key, {Timothy J.} and Vecchia, {Carlo La} and Hans Lilja and Michael Marberger and Meyskens, {Frank L.} and Minasian, {Lori M.} and Chris Parker and Parnes, {Howard L.} and Sven Perner and Harry Rittenhouse and Jack Schalken and Schmid, {Hans Peter} and Schmitz-Dr{\"a}ger, {Bernd J.} and Schr{\"o}der, {Fritz H.} and Arnulf Stenzl and Bertrand Tombal and Wilt, {Timothy J.} and Alicja Wolk",

note = "Funding Information: We thank Vesna Florijancic, Liz Pinney, and Ellie Stewart for administrative assistance. This Review was sponsored and funded by the International Society of Cancer Prevention (ISCaP), the European Association of Urology (EAU), the National Cancer Institute, USA (NCI) (grant number 1R13CA171707-01), Prostate Cancer UK, Cancer Research UK (CRUK) (grant number C569/A16477), and the Association for International Cancer Research (AICR). Sponsors and funding sources had no role in the discussion or writing of this manuscript. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not represent the official position of the authors' respective institutions. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2014 Elsevier Ltd.",

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AU - Culig, Zoran

AU - Eeles, Rosalind A.

AU - Ford, Leslie G.

AU - Hamdy, Freddie C.

AU - Holmberg, Lars

AU - Ilic, Dragan

AU - Key, Timothy J.

AU - Vecchia, Carlo La

AU - Lilja, Hans

AU - Marberger, Michael

AU - Meyskens, Frank L.

AU - Minasian, Lori M.

AU - Parker, Chris

AU - Parnes, Howard L.

AU - Perner, Sven

AU - Rittenhouse, Harry

AU - Schalken, Jack

AU - Schmid, Hans Peter

AU - Schmitz-Dräger, Bernd J.

AU - Schröder, Fritz H.

AU - Stenzl, Arnulf

AU - Tombal, Bertrand

AU - Wilt, Timothy J.

AU - Wolk, Alicja

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N2 - Prostate cancer is a common malignancy in men and the worldwide burden of this disease is rising. Lifestyle modifications such as smoking cessation, exercise, and weight control offer opportunities to reduce the risk of developing prostate cancer. Early detection of prostate cancer by prostate-specific antigen (PSA) screening is controversial, but changes in the PSA threshold, frequency of screening, and the use of other biomarkers have the potential to minimise the overdiagnosis associated with PSA screening. Several new biomarkers for individuals with raised PSA concentrations or those diagnosed with prostate cancer are likely to identify individuals who can be spared aggressive treatment. Several pharmacological agents such as 5α-reductase inhibitors and aspirin could prevent development of prostate cancer. In this Review, we discuss the present evidence and research questions regarding prevention, early detection of prostate cancer, and management of men either at high risk of prostate cancer or diagnosed with low-grade prostate cancer.

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Prevention and early detection of prostate cancer

Abstract

Bibliographical note

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