Preclinical models of HPV+ and HPV- HNSCC in mice: An immune clearance of HPV+ HNSCC

Background. To investigate whether human papilloma virus (HPV)-specific immune mechanisms can result in tumor clearance, we have created HPV+ and HPV- tonsil cells that form squamous cancers in immune-competent mice. Here, we determine that an immune-specific response can clear HPV+ tumor cells and the cellular requirements to mediate this tumor clearance. Methods. Through the benefit of this model, we use in vitro and in vivo methods to better understand how HPV+ cells are rejected. Results. The data show that an in vivo antigen-specific antitumor response is generated to HPV+ transformed cells and that this response requires CD4+ and CD8+ cells to mount this antitumor response. Conclusion. The findings from this preclinical model will have implications not only in understanding human disease but also as a valuable model for testing immunotherapeutic strategies for HPV+ head and neck cancer.