Precision Measurement of Neutrino Oscillation Parameters with 10 Years of Data from the NOvA Experiment

(The NOvA Collaboration)

doi:10.1103/x53y-2b86

Precision Measurement of Neutrino Oscillation Parameters with 10 Years of Data from the NOvA Experiment

(The NOvA Collaboration)

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Abstract

This Letter reports measurements of muon-neutrino disappearance and electron-neutrino appearance and the corresponding antineutrino processes between the two NOvA detectors in the NuMI neutrino beam. These measurements use a dataset with double the neutrino mode beam exposure that was previously analyzed, along with improved simulation and analysis techniques. A joint fit to these samples in the three-flavor paradigm results in the most precise single-experiment constraint on the atmospheric neutrino mass splitting, Δm322=2.431-0.034+0.036(-2.479-0.036+0.036)×10-3 eV2 if the mass ordering is normal (inverted). In both orderings, a region close to maximal mixing with sin2θ23=0.55-0.06+0.02 is preferred. The NOvA data show a mild preference for the normal mass ordering with a Bayes factor of 2.4 (corresponding to 70% of the posterior probability), indicating that the normal ordering is 2.4 times more probable than the inverted ordering. When incorporating a 2D Δm322-sin22θ13 constraint based on Daya Bay data, this preference strengthens to a Bayes factor of 6.6 (87%).

Original language	English (US)
Article number	011802
Journal	Physical review letters
Volume	136
Issue number	1
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1103/x53y-2b86
State	Published - Jan 9 2026

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© 2026 authors. Published by the American Physical Society. Published by the American Physical Society under the terms of the "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license. Further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the published article's title, journal citation, and DOI. Funded by SCOAP

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@article{75995db680ee4a2e8b4d0a563196edea,

title = "Precision Measurement of Neutrino Oscillation Parameters with 10 Years of Data from the NOvA Experiment",

abstract = "This Letter reports measurements of muon-neutrino disappearance and electron-neutrino appearance and the corresponding antineutrino processes between the two NOvA detectors in the NuMI neutrino beam. These measurements use a dataset with double the neutrino mode beam exposure that was previously analyzed, along with improved simulation and analysis techniques. A joint fit to these samples in the three-flavor paradigm results in the most precise single-experiment constraint on the atmospheric neutrino mass splitting, Δm322=2.431-0.034+0.036(-2.479-0.036+0.036)×10-3 eV2 if the mass ordering is normal (inverted). In both orderings, a region close to maximal mixing with sin2θ23=0.55-0.06+0.02 is preferred. The NOvA data show a mild preference for the normal mass ordering with a Bayes factor of 2.4 (corresponding to 70\% of the posterior probability), indicating that the normal ordering is 2.4 times more probable than the inverted ordering. When incorporating a 2D Δm322-sin22θ13 constraint based on Daya Bay data, this preference strengthens to a Bayes factor of 6.6 (87\%).",

author = "\{(The NOvA Collaboration)\} and S. Abubakar and Acero, \{M. A.\} and B. Acharya and P. Adamson and N. Anfimov and A. Antoshkin and E. Arrieta-Diaz and L. Asquith and A. Aurisano and D. Azevedo and A. Back and N. Balashov and P. Baldi and Bambah, \{B. A.\} and Bannister, \{E. F.\} and A. Barros and A. Bat and R. Bernstein and Bezerra, \{T. J.C.\} and V. Bhatnagar and B. Bhuyan and J. Bian and Booth, \{A. C.\} and R. Bowles and B. Brahma and C. Bromberg and N. Buchanan and A. Butkevich and S. Calvez and Carroll, \{T. J.\} and E. Catano-Mur and Cesar, \{J. P.\} and S. Chaudhary and R. Chirco and S. Choate and Choudhary, \{B. C.\} and Chow, \{O. T.K.\} and A. Christensen and Cicala, \{M. F.\} and Coan, \{T. E.\} and T. Contreras and A. Cooleybeck and D. Coveyou and L. Cremonesi and A. Habig and K. Heller and Marshak, \{M. L.\} and A. Mislivec and G. Pawloski and M. Strait",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2026 authors. Published by the American Physical Society. Published by the American Physical Society under the terms of the {"}https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/{"}Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license. Further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the published article's title, journal citation, and DOI. Funded by SCOAP",

year = "2026",

month = jan,

day = "9",

doi = "10.1103/x53y-2b86",

language = "English (US)",

volume = "136",

journal = "Physical review letters",

issn = "0031-9007",

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TY - JOUR

T1 - Precision Measurement of Neutrino Oscillation Parameters with 10 Years of Data from the NOvA Experiment

AU - (The NOvA Collaboration)

AU - Abubakar, S.

AU - Acero, M. A.

AU - Acharya, B.

AU - Adamson, P.

AU - Anfimov, N.

AU - Antoshkin, A.

AU - Arrieta-Diaz, E.

AU - Asquith, L.

AU - Aurisano, A.

AU - Azevedo, D.

AU - Back, A.

AU - Balashov, N.

AU - Baldi, P.

AU - Bambah, B. A.

AU - Bannister, E. F.

AU - Barros, A.

AU - Bat, A.

AU - Bernstein, R.

AU - Bezerra, T. J.C.

AU - Bhatnagar, V.

AU - Bhuyan, B.

AU - Bian, J.

AU - Booth, A. C.

AU - Bowles, R.

AU - Brahma, B.

AU - Bromberg, C.

AU - Buchanan, N.

AU - Butkevich, A.

AU - Calvez, S.

AU - Carroll, T. J.

AU - Catano-Mur, E.

AU - Cesar, J. P.

AU - Chaudhary, S.

AU - Chirco, R.

AU - Choate, S.

AU - Choudhary, B. C.

AU - Chow, O. T.K.

AU - Christensen, A.

AU - Cicala, M. F.

AU - Coan, T. E.

AU - Contreras, T.

AU - Cooleybeck, A.

AU - Coveyou, D.

AU - Cremonesi, L.

AU - Habig, A.

AU - Heller, K.

AU - Marshak, M. L.

AU - Mislivec, A.

AU - Pawloski, G.

AU - Strait, M.

N1 - Publisher Copyright: © 2026 authors. Published by the American Physical Society. Published by the American Physical Society under the terms of the "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license. Further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the published article's title, journal citation, and DOI. Funded by SCOAP

PY - 2026/1/9

Y1 - 2026/1/9

N2 - This Letter reports measurements of muon-neutrino disappearance and electron-neutrino appearance and the corresponding antineutrino processes between the two NOvA detectors in the NuMI neutrino beam. These measurements use a dataset with double the neutrino mode beam exposure that was previously analyzed, along with improved simulation and analysis techniques. A joint fit to these samples in the three-flavor paradigm results in the most precise single-experiment constraint on the atmospheric neutrino mass splitting, Δm322=2.431-0.034+0.036(-2.479-0.036+0.036)×10-3 eV2 if the mass ordering is normal (inverted). In both orderings, a region close to maximal mixing with sin2θ23=0.55-0.06+0.02 is preferred. The NOvA data show a mild preference for the normal mass ordering with a Bayes factor of 2.4 (corresponding to 70% of the posterior probability), indicating that the normal ordering is 2.4 times more probable than the inverted ordering. When incorporating a 2D Δm322-sin22θ13 constraint based on Daya Bay data, this preference strengthens to a Bayes factor of 6.6 (87%).

AB - This Letter reports measurements of muon-neutrino disappearance and electron-neutrino appearance and the corresponding antineutrino processes between the two NOvA detectors in the NuMI neutrino beam. These measurements use a dataset with double the neutrino mode beam exposure that was previously analyzed, along with improved simulation and analysis techniques. A joint fit to these samples in the three-flavor paradigm results in the most precise single-experiment constraint on the atmospheric neutrino mass splitting, Δm322=2.431-0.034+0.036(-2.479-0.036+0.036)×10-3 eV2 if the mass ordering is normal (inverted). In both orderings, a region close to maximal mixing with sin2θ23=0.55-0.06+0.02 is preferred. The NOvA data show a mild preference for the normal mass ordering with a Bayes factor of 2.4 (corresponding to 70% of the posterior probability), indicating that the normal ordering is 2.4 times more probable than the inverted ordering. When incorporating a 2D Δm322-sin22θ13 constraint based on Daya Bay data, this preference strengthens to a Bayes factor of 6.6 (87%).

UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105027519412

UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105027519412#tab=citedBy

U2 - 10.1103/x53y-2b86

DO - 10.1103/x53y-2b86

M3 - Article

C2 - 41586657

AN - SCOPUS:105027519412

SN - 0031-9007

VL - 136

JO - Physical review letters

JF - Physical review letters

IS - 1

M1 - 011802

ER -

Precision Measurement of Neutrino Oscillation Parameters with 10 Years of Data from the NOvA Experiment

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