Keyphrases
Old-growth
100%
Hemlock
100%
Sugar Maple
100%
Species Composition
100%
Hardwood Forest
100%
Structure Composition
100%
Poor Recruitment
100%
Invasive Earthworms
50%
Yellow Birch
50%
Old-growth Forest
50%
Midwest Region
25%
United States
25%
Upper Midwest
25%
Climate Change
25%
Michigan
25%
Growth Rate
25%
Demographic Model
25%
Mortality Rate
25%
Odocoileus Virginianus
25%
Forest Understory
25%
Understory
25%
White-tailed Deer
25%
Acer Saccharum
25%
Betula Alleghaniensis
25%
Maximum Temperature
25%
Small Changes
25%
Temperature Variation
25%
Class Size
25%
Woody Species
25%
Saplings
25%
If Current
25%
Demographic Trends
25%
Permanent Plots
25%
Minimum Temperature
25%
Deer Density
25%
Late-successional Forest
25%
Tsuga Canadensis
25%
Anthropogenic Factors
25%
Recruitment Rate
25%
Overstory Trees
25%
Open Woodland
25%
Upper Peninsula
25%
Deer Browsing
25%
Preferred Species
25%
Deer Population
25%
Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Hardwood Forests
100%
Acer Saccharum
100%
Conium
100%
Understory
40%
Betula
40%
Old-Growth Forest
40%
Betula alleghaniensis
20%
Odocoileus virginianus
20%
Climate Change
20%
Overstory
20%
Tsuga canadensis
20%
Population Dynamics
20%