Polyneuro risk scores capture widely distributed connectivity patterns of cognition

Nora Byington, Gracie Grimsrud, Michael A Mooney, Michaela Cordova, Olivia Doyle, Robert J M Hermosillo, Eric Earl, Audrey Houghton, Gregory Conan, Timothy J Hendrickson, Anjanibhargavi Ragothaman, Cristian Morales Carrasco, Amanda Rueter, Anders Perrone, Lucille A Moore, Alice Graham, Joel T Nigg, Wesley K Thompson, Steven M Nelson, Eric FeczkoDamien A Fair, Oscar Miranda-Dominguez

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

9 Scopus citations

Abstract

Resting-state functional connectivity (RSFC) is a powerful tool for characterizing brain changes, but it has yet to reliably predict higher-order cognition. This may be attributed to small effect sizes of such brain-behavior relationships, which can lead to underpowered, variable results when utilizing typical sample sizes (N∼25). Inspired by techniques in genomics, we implement the polyneuro risk score (PNRS) framework - the application of multivariate techniques to RSFC data and validation in an independent sample. Utilizing the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development® cohort split into two datasets, we explore the framework's ability to reliably capture brain-behavior relationships across 3 cognitive scores - general ability, executive function, learning & memory. The weight and significance of each connection is assessed in the first dataset, and a PNRS is calculated for each participant in the second. Results support the PNRS framework as a suitable methodology to inspect the distribution of connections contributing towards behavior, with explained variance ranging from 1.0 % to 21.4 %. For the outcomes assessed, the framework reveals globally distributed, rather than localized, patterns of predictive connections. Larger samples are likely necessary to systematically identify the specific connections contributing towards complex outcomes. The PNRS framework could be applied translationally to identify neurologically distinct subtypes of neurodevelopmental disorders.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Article number101231
Pages (from-to)101231
JournalDevelopmental Cognitive Neuroscience
Volume60
DOIs
StatePublished - Apr 2023

Bibliographical note

Publisher Copyright:
© 2023 The Authors

Keywords

  • Adolescent
  • Humans
  • Brain Mapping/methods
  • Cognition
  • Brain
  • Risk Factors
  • Executive Function
  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods
  • Neuroimaging
  • MRI
  • Reproducibility
  • BWAS
  • Big data
  • PNRS

PubMed: MeSH publication types

  • Journal Article
  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

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