Periodicity of the Southern Annular Mode in Southern Patagonia, insight from the Lago Argentino varve record

Maximillian S Van Wyk De Vries; Emi Ito; Matias Romero; Mark Shapley; Guido Brignone

doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2023.108009

Periodicity of the Southern Annular Mode in Southern Patagonia, insight from the Lago Argentino varve record

Maximillian S Van Wyk De Vries, Emi Ito, Matias Romero, Mark Shapley, Guido Brignone

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

1 Scopus citations

Abstract

Climatic variability across a large fraction of the Southern Hemisphere is controlled by the Southern Annular Mode and associated latitudinal shifts in the Southern Westerly Wind belt. In Patagonia, these changes control the large-scale temperature and precipitation trends – and resulting glacier surface mass balance. Our understanding of recent changes in this climatic oscillation is, however, limited by the number of paleo-environmental records in the mid to high-latitude Southern Hemisphere. Here, we first use a synthetic proxy record to demonstrate that periodicity may be preserved in a wider range of records than can be used for quantitative paleoclimatic reconstructions. We then analyze a 5000-year-long sedimentation record derived from Lago Argentino, a 1500 km² ice-contact lake in Southern Patagonia. We extract a mass accumulation rate and greyscale pixel intensity record from 28 cores across all of Lago Argentino's main depositional environments. We align the mass accumulation rate and pixel intensity records to a common time axis through multivariate dynamic-time-warping, and investigate their spectral properties using the multi-taper Lomb Scargle periodogram. We find statistically significant spectral peaks at 200 ± 20, 150 ± 16, and 85 ± 9 years in two thirds of mass accumulation rate and one third of the pixel intensity records. These periodicities reveal the centennial periodicity of the Southern Annular Mode, which is the key climatic driver of sedimentation at Lago Argentino.

Original language	English (US)
Article number	108009
Journal	Quaternary Science Reviews
Volume	304
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2023.108009
State	Published - Mar 15 2023

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
MV was supported by a University of Minnesota College of Science and Engineering Fellowship and a Doctoral Dissertation Fellowship. We acknowledge the critical role played by logistical and design expertise of Ryan O'Grady and Anders Noren of the CSD Facility in planning and field phases of this research. Kristina Brady Shannon, Jessica Heck, Alex Stone and Rob Brown seamlessly coordinated core processing and analytical activities at the CSD Facility. We thank Anastasia Fedotova, Cristina San Martín, Guillermo Tamburini-Beliveau, Alexander Schmies and Shanti Penprase for their help with core recovery and processing, and all Spanish-speaking team members for their critical contribution of language skills. We further thank editor Claudio Latorre and an anonymous reviewer for their valuable comments. This material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant No. EAR-1714614, coordinated by Lead PI Maria Beatrice Magnani. Data on the Lago Argentino cores are available from the CSD Facility at https://cse.umn.edu/csd/projects. Full resolution core scans and stratigraphic information are available at 10.5281/zenodo.5815107. The code used to count laminations in the cores, countMYvarves, is freely available under a GPL3.0 license at doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4031812.

Funding Information:
MV was supported by a University of Minnesota College of Science and Engineering Fellowship and a Doctoral Dissertation Fellowship. We acknowledge the critical role played by logistical and design expertise of Ryan O'Grady and Anders Noren of the CSD Facility in planning and field phases of this research. Kristina Brady Shannon, Jessica Heck, Alex Stone and Rob Brown seamlessly coordinated core processing and analytical activities at the CSD Facility. We thank Anastasia Fedotova, Cristina San Martín, Guillermo Tamburini-Beliveau, Alexander Schmies and Shanti Penprase for their help with core recovery and processing, and all Spanish-speaking team members for their critical contribution of language skills. We further thank editor Claudio Latorre and an anonymous reviewer for their valuable comments. This material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant No. EAR-1714614 , coordinated by Lead PI Maria Beatrice Magnani. Data on the Lago Argentino cores are available from the CSD Facility at https://cse.umn.edu/csd/projects . Full resolution core scans and stratigraphic information are available at 10.5281/zenodo.5815107. The code used to count laminations in the cores, countMYvarves, is freely available under a GPL3.0 license at doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4031812.

Publisher Copyright:
© 2023 The Authors

Keywords

Lago Argentino
lake core
Paleoclimate
Patagonia
Southern Annular Mode
Spectral analysis

Continental Scientific Drilling Facility tags

GCO

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title = "Periodicity of the Southern Annular Mode in Southern Patagonia, insight from the Lago Argentino varve record",

abstract = "Climatic variability across a large fraction of the Southern Hemisphere is controlled by the Southern Annular Mode and associated latitudinal shifts in the Southern Westerly Wind belt. In Patagonia, these changes control the large-scale temperature and precipitation trends – and resulting glacier surface mass balance. Our understanding of recent changes in this climatic oscillation is, however, limited by the number of paleo-environmental records in the mid to high-latitude Southern Hemisphere. Here, we first use a synthetic proxy record to demonstrate that periodicity may be preserved in a wider range of records than can be used for quantitative paleoclimatic reconstructions. We then analyze a 5000-year-long sedimentation record derived from Lago Argentino, a 1500 km2 ice-contact lake in Southern Patagonia. We extract a mass accumulation rate and greyscale pixel intensity record from 28 cores across all of Lago Argentino's main depositional environments. We align the mass accumulation rate and pixel intensity records to a common time axis through multivariate dynamic-time-warping, and investigate their spectral properties using the multi-taper Lomb Scargle periodogram. We find statistically significant spectral peaks at 200 ± 20, 150 ± 16, and 85 ± 9 years in two thirds of mass accumulation rate and one third of the pixel intensity records. These periodicities reveal the centennial periodicity of the Southern Annular Mode, which is the key climatic driver of sedimentation at Lago Argentino.",

keywords = "Lago Argentino, lake core, Paleoclimate, Patagonia, Southern Annular Mode, Spectral analysis",

author = "{Van Wyk De Vries}, {Maximillian S} and Emi Ito and Matias Romero and Mark Shapley and Guido Brignone",

note = "Funding Information: MV was supported by a University of Minnesota College of Science and Engineering Fellowship and a Doctoral Dissertation Fellowship. We acknowledge the critical role played by logistical and design expertise of Ryan O'Grady and Anders Noren of the CSD Facility in planning and field phases of this research. Kristina Brady Shannon, Jessica Heck, Alex Stone and Rob Brown seamlessly coordinated core processing and analytical activities at the CSD Facility. We thank Anastasia Fedotova, Cristina San Mart{\'i}n, Guillermo Tamburini-Beliveau, Alexander Schmies and Shanti Penprase for their help with core recovery and processing, and all Spanish-speaking team members for their critical contribution of language skills. We further thank editor Claudio Latorre and an anonymous reviewer for their valuable comments. This material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant No. EAR-1714614, coordinated by Lead PI Maria Beatrice Magnani. Data on the Lago Argentino cores are available from the CSD Facility at https://cse.umn.edu/csd/projects. Full resolution core scans and stratigraphic information are available at 10.5281/zenodo.5815107. The code used to count laminations in the cores, countMYvarves, is freely available under a GPL3.0 license at doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4031812. Funding Information: MV was supported by a University of Minnesota College of Science and Engineering Fellowship and a Doctoral Dissertation Fellowship. We acknowledge the critical role played by logistical and design expertise of Ryan O'Grady and Anders Noren of the CSD Facility in planning and field phases of this research. Kristina Brady Shannon, Jessica Heck, Alex Stone and Rob Brown seamlessly coordinated core processing and analytical activities at the CSD Facility. We thank Anastasia Fedotova, Cristina San Mart{\'i}n, Guillermo Tamburini-Beliveau, Alexander Schmies and Shanti Penprase for their help with core recovery and processing, and all Spanish-speaking team members for their critical contribution of language skills. We further thank editor Claudio Latorre and an anonymous reviewer for their valuable comments. This material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant No. EAR-1714614 , coordinated by Lead PI Maria Beatrice Magnani. Data on the Lago Argentino cores are available from the CSD Facility at https://cse.umn.edu/csd/projects . Full resolution core scans and stratigraphic information are available at 10.5281/zenodo.5815107. The code used to count laminations in the cores, countMYvarves, is freely available under a GPL3.0 license at doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4031812. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2023 The Authors",

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N1 - Funding Information: MV was supported by a University of Minnesota College of Science and Engineering Fellowship and a Doctoral Dissertation Fellowship. We acknowledge the critical role played by logistical and design expertise of Ryan O'Grady and Anders Noren of the CSD Facility in planning and field phases of this research. Kristina Brady Shannon, Jessica Heck, Alex Stone and Rob Brown seamlessly coordinated core processing and analytical activities at the CSD Facility. We thank Anastasia Fedotova, Cristina San Martín, Guillermo Tamburini-Beliveau, Alexander Schmies and Shanti Penprase for their help with core recovery and processing, and all Spanish-speaking team members for their critical contribution of language skills. We further thank editor Claudio Latorre and an anonymous reviewer for their valuable comments. This material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant No. EAR-1714614, coordinated by Lead PI Maria Beatrice Magnani. Data on the Lago Argentino cores are available from the CSD Facility at https://cse.umn.edu/csd/projects. Full resolution core scans and stratigraphic information are available at 10.5281/zenodo.5815107. The code used to count laminations in the cores, countMYvarves, is freely available under a GPL3.0 license at doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4031812. Funding Information: MV was supported by a University of Minnesota College of Science and Engineering Fellowship and a Doctoral Dissertation Fellowship. We acknowledge the critical role played by logistical and design expertise of Ryan O'Grady and Anders Noren of the CSD Facility in planning and field phases of this research. Kristina Brady Shannon, Jessica Heck, Alex Stone and Rob Brown seamlessly coordinated core processing and analytical activities at the CSD Facility. We thank Anastasia Fedotova, Cristina San Martín, Guillermo Tamburini-Beliveau, Alexander Schmies and Shanti Penprase for their help with core recovery and processing, and all Spanish-speaking team members for their critical contribution of language skills. We further thank editor Claudio Latorre and an anonymous reviewer for their valuable comments. This material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant No. EAR-1714614 , coordinated by Lead PI Maria Beatrice Magnani. Data on the Lago Argentino cores are available from the CSD Facility at https://cse.umn.edu/csd/projects . Full resolution core scans and stratigraphic information are available at 10.5281/zenodo.5815107. The code used to count laminations in the cores, countMYvarves, is freely available under a GPL3.0 license at doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4031812. Publisher Copyright: © 2023 The Authors

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Y1 - 2023/3/15

N2 - Climatic variability across a large fraction of the Southern Hemisphere is controlled by the Southern Annular Mode and associated latitudinal shifts in the Southern Westerly Wind belt. In Patagonia, these changes control the large-scale temperature and precipitation trends – and resulting glacier surface mass balance. Our understanding of recent changes in this climatic oscillation is, however, limited by the number of paleo-environmental records in the mid to high-latitude Southern Hemisphere. Here, we first use a synthetic proxy record to demonstrate that periodicity may be preserved in a wider range of records than can be used for quantitative paleoclimatic reconstructions. We then analyze a 5000-year-long sedimentation record derived from Lago Argentino, a 1500 km2 ice-contact lake in Southern Patagonia. We extract a mass accumulation rate and greyscale pixel intensity record from 28 cores across all of Lago Argentino's main depositional environments. We align the mass accumulation rate and pixel intensity records to a common time axis through multivariate dynamic-time-warping, and investigate their spectral properties using the multi-taper Lomb Scargle periodogram. We find statistically significant spectral peaks at 200 ± 20, 150 ± 16, and 85 ± 9 years in two thirds of mass accumulation rate and one third of the pixel intensity records. These periodicities reveal the centennial periodicity of the Southern Annular Mode, which is the key climatic driver of sedimentation at Lago Argentino.

AB - Climatic variability across a large fraction of the Southern Hemisphere is controlled by the Southern Annular Mode and associated latitudinal shifts in the Southern Westerly Wind belt. In Patagonia, these changes control the large-scale temperature and precipitation trends – and resulting glacier surface mass balance. Our understanding of recent changes in this climatic oscillation is, however, limited by the number of paleo-environmental records in the mid to high-latitude Southern Hemisphere. Here, we first use a synthetic proxy record to demonstrate that periodicity may be preserved in a wider range of records than can be used for quantitative paleoclimatic reconstructions. We then analyze a 5000-year-long sedimentation record derived from Lago Argentino, a 1500 km2 ice-contact lake in Southern Patagonia. We extract a mass accumulation rate and greyscale pixel intensity record from 28 cores across all of Lago Argentino's main depositional environments. We align the mass accumulation rate and pixel intensity records to a common time axis through multivariate dynamic-time-warping, and investigate their spectral properties using the multi-taper Lomb Scargle periodogram. We find statistically significant spectral peaks at 200 ± 20, 150 ± 16, and 85 ± 9 years in two thirds of mass accumulation rate and one third of the pixel intensity records. These periodicities reveal the centennial periodicity of the Southern Annular Mode, which is the key climatic driver of sedimentation at Lago Argentino.

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Periodicity of the Southern Annular Mode in Southern Patagonia, insight from the Lago Argentino varve record

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Keywords

Continental Scientific Drilling Facility tags

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