Ped-MP: A Pedestrian-Friendly Max-Pressure Signal Control Policy for City Networks

Decentralized traffic signal controls, such as max-pressure (MP) control, also known as back-pressure (BP) control, have received increased attention recently. MP signal control has been analytically proven to maximize the network throughput and stabilize vehicle queue lengths whenever possible. However, previous work on MP signal control with cyclic and noncyclic phases did not include pedestrian access, which may increase pedestrians' travel time, and delay or even encourage some dangerous behaviors like jaywalking. Because the movement of pedestrians is a nonnegligible factor in traffic management, and many urban planning researchers have found that walking space and walking continuously have significant health, safety, and environmental impacts, a pedestrian-friendly MP signal control policy is needed. Here, we propose a novel pedestrian-friendly MP signal control, Ped-MP, that considers pedestrian access in an urban network to achieve both maximum stability for private vehicles and a comfortable, safe walking experience. This study modifies the original MP control to include pedestrians' access for the first time. Furthermore, this policy still inherits the decentralized property of original MP control, which means it only relies on the local information of individual intersections. Simulation studies are implemented on a popular benchmark network, the Sioux Falls network, with added pedestrians network. The results indicate that, although considering pedestrians' access may reduce the stable region for vehicles, the pedestrians' travel time and delay can be reduced significantly.