TY - JOUR
T1 - Particle emission characteristics of a gas turbine with a double annular combustor
AU - Boies, Adam M.
AU - Stettler, Marc E J
AU - Swanson, Jacob J.
AU - Johnson, Tyler J.
AU - Olfert, Jason S.
AU - Johnson, Mark
AU - Eggersdorfer, Max L.
AU - Rindlisbacher, Theo
AU - Wang, Jing
AU - Thomson, Kevin
AU - Smallwood, Greg
AU - Sevcenco, Yura
AU - Walters, David
AU - Williams, Paul I.
AU - Corbin, Joel
AU - Mensah, Amewu A.
AU - Symonds, Jonathan
AU - Dastanpour, Ramin
AU - Rogak, Steven N.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
Copyright © American Association for Aerosol Research.
PY - 2015/1/1
Y1 - 2015/1/1
N2 - The total climate, air quality, and health impact of aircraft black carbon (BC) emissions depend on quantity (mass and number concentration) as well as morphology (fractal dimension and surface area) of emitted BC aggregates. This study examines multiple BC emission metrics from a gas turbine with a double annular combustor, CFM56-5B4-2P. As a part of the SAMPLE III. 2 campaign, concurrent measurements of particle mobility, particle mass, particle number concentration, and mass concentration, as well as collection of transmission electron microscopy (TEM) samples, allowed for characterization of the BC emissions. Mass- and number-based emission indices were strongly influenced by thrust setting during pilot combustion and ranged from <1 to 208 mg/kg-fuel and 3 × 1012 to 3 × 1016 particles/kg-fuel, respectively. Mobility measurements indicated that mean diameters ranged from 7 to 44 nm with a strong dependence on thrust during pilot-only combustion. Using aggregation and sintering theory with empirical effective density relationships, a power-law relationship between primary particle diameter and mobility diameter is presented. Mean primary particle diameter ranged from 6 to 19 nm; however, laser-induced incandescence (LII) and mass-mobility-calculated primary particle diameters demonstrated opposite trends with thrust setting. Similarly, mass-mobility-calculated aggregate mass specific surface area and LII-measured surface area were not in agreement, indicating both methods need further development and validation before use as quantitative indicators of primary particle diameter and mass-specific surface area.
AB - The total climate, air quality, and health impact of aircraft black carbon (BC) emissions depend on quantity (mass and number concentration) as well as morphology (fractal dimension and surface area) of emitted BC aggregates. This study examines multiple BC emission metrics from a gas turbine with a double annular combustor, CFM56-5B4-2P. As a part of the SAMPLE III. 2 campaign, concurrent measurements of particle mobility, particle mass, particle number concentration, and mass concentration, as well as collection of transmission electron microscopy (TEM) samples, allowed for characterization of the BC emissions. Mass- and number-based emission indices were strongly influenced by thrust setting during pilot combustion and ranged from <1 to 208 mg/kg-fuel and 3 × 1012 to 3 × 1016 particles/kg-fuel, respectively. Mobility measurements indicated that mean diameters ranged from 7 to 44 nm with a strong dependence on thrust during pilot-only combustion. Using aggregation and sintering theory with empirical effective density relationships, a power-law relationship between primary particle diameter and mobility diameter is presented. Mean primary particle diameter ranged from 6 to 19 nm; however, laser-induced incandescence (LII) and mass-mobility-calculated primary particle diameters demonstrated opposite trends with thrust setting. Similarly, mass-mobility-calculated aggregate mass specific surface area and LII-measured surface area were not in agreement, indicating both methods need further development and validation before use as quantitative indicators of primary particle diameter and mass-specific surface area.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84943378455&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=84943378455&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1080/02786826.2015.1078452
DO - 10.1080/02786826.2015.1078452
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:84943378455
SN - 0278-6826
VL - 49
SP - 842
EP - 855
JO - Aerosol Science and Technology
JF - Aerosol Science and Technology
IS - 9
ER -