Abstract
1. Syndromic surveillance is an incipient approach to early wildlife disease detection. Consequently, systematic assessments are needed for methodology validation in wildlife populations. 2. We evaluated the sensitivity of a syndromic surveillance protocol for respiratory disease detection among chimpanzees in Gombe National Park, Tanzania. Empirical health, behavioural and demographic data were integrated with an agent-based, network model to simulate disease transmission and surveillance. 3. Surveillance sensitivity was estimated as 66% (95% Confidence Interval: 63.1, 68.8%) and 59.5% (95% Confidence Interval: 56.5%, 62.4%) for two monitoring methods (weekly count and prevalence thresholds, respectively), but differences among calendar quarters in outbreak size and surveillance sensitivity suggest seasonal effects. 4. We determined that a weekly detection threshold of ≥2 chimpanzees with clinical respiratory disease leading to outbreak response protocols (enhanced observation and biological sampling) is an optimal algorithm for outbreak detection in this population. 5. Synthesis and applications. This is the first quantitative assessment of syndromic surveillance in wildlife, providing a model approach to detecting disease emergence. Coupling syndromic surveillance with targeted diagnostic sampling in the midst of suspected outbreaks will provide a powerful system for detecting disease transmission and understanding population impacts.
| Original language | English (US) |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 509-518 |
| Number of pages | 10 |
| Journal | Journal of Applied Ecology |
| Volume | 56 |
| Issue number | 3 |
| DOIs | |
| State | Published - Mar 2019 |
Bibliographical note
Funding Information:Many thanks to Jane Goodall and the Jane Goodall Institute for supporting long-term chimpanzee research at Gombe National Park, the Gombe Stream Research Center staff collecting daily behavioural and health observations, and the remainder of the Gombe Ecosystem Health Project investigators (Carson Murray, Karen Terio, Beatrice Hahn) whose combined efforts ensure ongoing maintenance of syndromic surveillance in the park. We are grateful to the Tanzania Commission for Science and Technology, Tanzania Wildlife Research Institute, and Tanzania National Parks Association for their continued support and approval of this research. Funding support for collection and analysis of syndromic surveillance data comes from the National Institute of Health (R01 AI058715, R01 AI120810, and R00 HD057992), National Science Foundation (LTREB-1052693), Arcus Foundation, USFWS Great Ape Conservation Fund, Morris Animal Foundation (D10ZO-902), University of Minnesota Consortium on Law and Values in Health, Environment, and the Life Sciences, University of Minnesota Doctoral Dissertation Fellowship and Lincoln Park Zoo. Collection, digitization, and analysis of behavioural data were supported by grants from the National Institutes of Health (R00 HD057992) and the Leo S. Guthman Foundation.
Funding Information:
Many thanks to Jane Goodall and the Jane Goodall Institute for supporting long-term chimpanzee research at Gombe National Park, the Gombe Stream Research Center staff collecting daily behavioural and health observations, and the remainder of the Gombe Ecosystem Health Project investigators (Carson Murray, Karen Terio, Beatrice Hahn) whose combined efforts ensure on-going maintenance of syndromic surveillance in the park. We are grateful to the Tanzania Commission for Science and Technology, Tanzania Wildlife Research Institute, and Tanzania National Parks Association for their continued support and approval of this research. Funding support for collection and analysis of syndromic surveillance data comes from the National Institute of Health (R01 AI058715, R01 AI120810, and R00 HD057992), National Science Foundation (LTREB-1052693), Arcus Foundation, USFWS Great Ape Conservation Fund, Morris Animal Foundation (D10ZO-902), University of Minnesota Consortium on Law and Values in Health, Environment, and the Life Sciences, University of Minnesota Doctoral Dissertation Fellowship and Lincoln Park Zoo. Collection, digitization, and analysis of behavioural data were supported by grants from the National Institutes of Health (R00 HD057992) and the Leo S. Guthman Foundation.
Funding Information:
Lincoln Park Zoo; Arcus Foundation; National Institutes of Health, Grant/Award Number: R01 AI058715, R01 AI120810, R00 HD057992 and R00 HD05; National Science Foundation, Grant/Award Number: LTREB-1052693; University of Minnesota Doctoral Dissertation Fellowship; Leo S. Guthman Foundation; University of Minnesota Consortium on Law and Values in Health, Environment, and the Life Sciences; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Great Ape Conservation Fund; Morris Animal Foundation, Grant/Award Number: D10ZO-902
Publisher Copyright:
© 2018 The Authors. Journal of Applied Ecology © 2018 British Ecological Society
Keywords
- agent-based modelling
- apes
- disease ecology
- disease transmission
- network model
- respiratory disease
- syndromic surveillance
- wildlife surveillance
PubMed: MeSH publication types
- Journal Article
