On-line measurements of diesel nanoparticle composition and volatility

Hiromu Sakurai; Herbert J. Tobias; Kihong Park; Darrick Zarling; Kenneth S. Docherty; David B. Kittelson; Peter H. McMurry; Paul J. Ziemann

doi:10.1016/S1352-2310(02)01017-8

On-line measurements of diesel nanoparticle composition and volatility

Hiromu Sakurai, Herbert J. Tobias, Kihong Park, Darrick Zarling, Kenneth S. Docherty, David B. Kittelson, Peter H. McMurry, Paul J. Ziemann

Mechanical Engineering

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

349 Scopus citations

Abstract

A thermal desorption particle beam mass spectrometer (TDPBMS) and tandem differential mobility analyzers (TDMA) were used for on-line measurements of the chemical composition and volatility of nanoparticles and larger particles emitted from a modern, heavy-duty diesel engine operated at light and medium loads under laboratory conditions. Temperature-dependent TDPBMS mass spectra and mass spectra obtained using spectrally distinctive oil and synthetic Fischer-Tropsch fuel were analyzed using mass spectral matching methods to obtain quantitative information on the contributions of fuel, oil, oxidation products, and sulfuric acid to particle composition. TDMA measurements of volatility yielded information on nanoparticle vapor pressures and therefore on the composition of organic components. The results indicate that, for these operating conditions, the volatile component of both diesel nanoparticles and larger particles is comprised of at least 95% unburned lubricating oil. TDMA volatility measurements also detected residual species a few nanometers in diameter, which may be non-volatile cores (soot, metal oxide) or low-volatility organic compounds. These on-line analyses provide new insights into the mechanisms of diesel nanoparticle formation.

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	1199-1210
Number of pages	12
Journal	Atmospheric Environment
Volume	37
Issue number	9-10
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/S1352-2310(02)01017-8
State	Published - Mar 2003

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
We are grateful to the Coordinating Research Council and the California Air Resources Board for funding this research, which is co-sponsored by the Engine Manufacturers Association, Southcoast Air Quality Management District, Cummins, Caterpillar, and Volvo. The Reg-TDMA measurements were supported by the US Environmental Protection Agency through Grant Number R 826372-01-0 to the Georgia Institute of Technology and GIT Subcontract Number G-35-W62-G1 to the University of Minnesota. This work has not been subjected to the Agency's required peer and policy review and therefore does not necessarily reflect the views of the Agency and no official endorsement should be inferred.

Keywords

Aerosol
Nucleation
Particle mass spectrometry
Soot
Tandem differential mobility analyzer

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

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10.1016/S1352-2310(02)01017-8

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title = "On-line measurements of diesel nanoparticle composition and volatility",

abstract = "A thermal desorption particle beam mass spectrometer (TDPBMS) and tandem differential mobility analyzers (TDMA) were used for on-line measurements of the chemical composition and volatility of nanoparticles and larger particles emitted from a modern, heavy-duty diesel engine operated at light and medium loads under laboratory conditions. Temperature-dependent TDPBMS mass spectra and mass spectra obtained using spectrally distinctive oil and synthetic Fischer-Tropsch fuel were analyzed using mass spectral matching methods to obtain quantitative information on the contributions of fuel, oil, oxidation products, and sulfuric acid to particle composition. TDMA measurements of volatility yielded information on nanoparticle vapor pressures and therefore on the composition of organic components. The results indicate that, for these operating conditions, the volatile component of both diesel nanoparticles and larger particles is comprised of at least 95% unburned lubricating oil. TDMA volatility measurements also detected residual species a few nanometers in diameter, which may be non-volatile cores (soot, metal oxide) or low-volatility organic compounds. These on-line analyses provide new insights into the mechanisms of diesel nanoparticle formation.",

keywords = "Aerosol, Nucleation, Particle mass spectrometry, Soot, Tandem differential mobility analyzer",

author = "Hiromu Sakurai and Tobias, {Herbert J.} and Kihong Park and Darrick Zarling and Docherty, {Kenneth S.} and Kittelson, {David B.} and McMurry, {Peter H.} and Ziemann, {Paul J.}",

note = "Funding Information: We are grateful to the Coordinating Research Council and the California Air Resources Board for funding this research, which is co-sponsored by the Engine Manufacturers Association, Southcoast Air Quality Management District, Cummins, Caterpillar, and Volvo. The Reg-TDMA measurements were supported by the US Environmental Protection Agency through Grant Number R 826372-01-0 to the Georgia Institute of Technology and GIT Subcontract Number G-35-W62-G1 to the University of Minnesota. This work has not been subjected to the Agency's required peer and policy review and therefore does not necessarily reflect the views of the Agency and no official endorsement should be inferred. ",

year = "2003",

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T1 - On-line measurements of diesel nanoparticle composition and volatility

AU - Sakurai, Hiromu

AU - Tobias, Herbert J.

AU - Park, Kihong

AU - Zarling, Darrick

AU - Docherty, Kenneth S.

AU - Kittelson, David B.

AU - McMurry, Peter H.

AU - Ziemann, Paul J.

N1 - Funding Information: We are grateful to the Coordinating Research Council and the California Air Resources Board for funding this research, which is co-sponsored by the Engine Manufacturers Association, Southcoast Air Quality Management District, Cummins, Caterpillar, and Volvo. The Reg-TDMA measurements were supported by the US Environmental Protection Agency through Grant Number R 826372-01-0 to the Georgia Institute of Technology and GIT Subcontract Number G-35-W62-G1 to the University of Minnesota. This work has not been subjected to the Agency's required peer and policy review and therefore does not necessarily reflect the views of the Agency and no official endorsement should be inferred.

PY - 2003/3

Y1 - 2003/3

N2 - A thermal desorption particle beam mass spectrometer (TDPBMS) and tandem differential mobility analyzers (TDMA) were used for on-line measurements of the chemical composition and volatility of nanoparticles and larger particles emitted from a modern, heavy-duty diesel engine operated at light and medium loads under laboratory conditions. Temperature-dependent TDPBMS mass spectra and mass spectra obtained using spectrally distinctive oil and synthetic Fischer-Tropsch fuel were analyzed using mass spectral matching methods to obtain quantitative information on the contributions of fuel, oil, oxidation products, and sulfuric acid to particle composition. TDMA measurements of volatility yielded information on nanoparticle vapor pressures and therefore on the composition of organic components. The results indicate that, for these operating conditions, the volatile component of both diesel nanoparticles and larger particles is comprised of at least 95% unburned lubricating oil. TDMA volatility measurements also detected residual species a few nanometers in diameter, which may be non-volatile cores (soot, metal oxide) or low-volatility organic compounds. These on-line analyses provide new insights into the mechanisms of diesel nanoparticle formation.

AB - A thermal desorption particle beam mass spectrometer (TDPBMS) and tandem differential mobility analyzers (TDMA) were used for on-line measurements of the chemical composition and volatility of nanoparticles and larger particles emitted from a modern, heavy-duty diesel engine operated at light and medium loads under laboratory conditions. Temperature-dependent TDPBMS mass spectra and mass spectra obtained using spectrally distinctive oil and synthetic Fischer-Tropsch fuel were analyzed using mass spectral matching methods to obtain quantitative information on the contributions of fuel, oil, oxidation products, and sulfuric acid to particle composition. TDMA measurements of volatility yielded information on nanoparticle vapor pressures and therefore on the composition of organic components. The results indicate that, for these operating conditions, the volatile component of both diesel nanoparticles and larger particles is comprised of at least 95% unburned lubricating oil. TDMA volatility measurements also detected residual species a few nanometers in diameter, which may be non-volatile cores (soot, metal oxide) or low-volatility organic compounds. These on-line analyses provide new insights into the mechanisms of diesel nanoparticle formation.

KW - Aerosol

KW - Nucleation

KW - Particle mass spectrometry

KW - Soot

KW - Tandem differential mobility analyzer

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JO - Atmospheric Environment

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IS - 9-10

ER -

On-line measurements of diesel nanoparticle composition and volatility

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Keywords

UN SDGs

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