Non-Newtonian Pipe Friction Studies with Various Dilute Polymer Water Solutions

This study extends existing data on the frictional drag reducing influence of long-chain polymers in dilute water solutions. Studies were conducted with both fresh and sea water in capillary tubes and pipes with a size range of 100 diameters and covering the laminar, transition, and turbulent regimes with N↑Re up to 8 x 105. Fifteen types of test additives were used, including Polyhall, Polyox, Westco Guar, and fish slime. Test temperatures ranged from 40° to 85° F. Dilute solutions ranging down to 10 ppm concentration exhibited remarkable friction reductions at high shear rates as a near-laminar type of flow. Data correlation was hampered by diameter, temperature, and concentration effects not resolved by existing flow parameters based on power law theory. Shear degradation effects were evaluated.