Mycotic aneurysm of the descending thoracic aorta caused by pseudomonas aeruginosa in a solid organ transplant recipient: Case report and review

Background: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a rare cause of aortic mycotic aneurysms. Optimal treatment, including reconstructive graft material and appropriate length of antibiotic therapy, is being debated. Methods: We describe a 26-year-old kidney-pancreas recipient who developed an aneurysm of the descending thoracic aorta caused by P. aeruginosa. Results: After surgical debridement and cryopreserved allograft reconstruction, parenteral antibiotics were continued for 12 months, at which time the patient was converted to oral antibiotic therapy. Within 6 months, he redeveloped a thoracic aortic aneurysm, necessitating reoperation and lifelong parenteral antibiotic therapy. Conclusion: Herein we review and discuss the relevant literature concerning surgical and antibiotic treatment of mycotic thoracic aneurysms.