Multi-instrument Observations of Mesoscale Enhancement of Subauroral Polarization Stream Associated With an Injection

Zihan Wang; Shasha Zou; Simon G. Shepherd; Jun Liang; Jesper W. Gjerloev; J. Michael Ruohoniemi; Bharat Kunduri; John R. Wygant

doi:10.1029/2019JA026535

Multi-instrument Observations of Mesoscale Enhancement of Subauroral Polarization Stream Associated With an Injection

Zihan Wang, Shasha Zou, Simon G. Shepherd, Jun Liang, Jesper W. Gjerloev, J. Michael Ruohoniemi, Bharat Kunduri, John R. Wygant

Physics and Astronomy (Twin Cities)

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

11 Scopus citations

Abstract

Subauroral polarization streams (SAPS) prefer geomagnetically disturbed conditions and strongly correlate with geomagnetic indexes. However, the temporal evolution of SAPS and its relationship with dynamic and structured ring current and particle injection are still not well understood. In this study, we performed detailed analysis of temporal evolution of SAPS during a moderate storm on 18 May 2013 using conjugate observations of SAPS from the Van Allen Probes (VAP) and the Super Dual Auroral Radar Network (SuperDARN). The large-scale SAPS (LS-SAPS) formed during the main phase of this storm and decayed due to the northward turning of the interplanetary magnetic field. A mesoscale (approximately several hundreds of kilometers zonally) enhancement of SAPS was observed by SuperDARN at 0456 UT. In the conjugate magnetosphere, a large SAPS electric field (∼8 mV/m) pointing radially outward, a local magnetic field dip, and a dispersionless ion injection were observed simultaneously by VAP-A at L shell = 3.5 and MLT = 20. The particle injection observed by VAP-A is likely associated with the particle injection observed by the Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite 15 near 20 MLT. Magnetic perturbations observed by the ground magnetometers and flow reversals observed by SuperDARN reveal that this mesoscale enhancement of SAPS developed near the Harang reversal and before the substorm onset. The observed complex signatures in both space and ground can be explained by a two-loop current wedge generated by the perturbed plasma pressure gradient and the diamagnetic effect of the structured ring current following particle injection.

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	1770-1784
Number of pages	15
Journal	Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics
Volume	124
Issue number	3
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1029/2019JA026535
State	Published - Mar 2019

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
We acknowledge NSF AGS1342968 and NASA NNX14AF31G for supporting the work at the University of Michigan. Processing and analysis of the HOPE and MagEIS data was supported by Energetic Particle, Composition, and Thermal Plasma (RBSP-ECT) investigation funded under NASA Prime contract NAS5-01072. All RBSP-ECT data are publicly available at the Web site (http://www.RBSP-ect.lanl.gov/). We acknowledge the Van Allen Probe EMFISIS and EFW teams for data usage. The EMFISIS and EFW data used in the study are obtained from the websites (http://emfisis.physics.uiowa.edu/ and http://www.space.umn.edu/rbspefw-data/ respectively). We appreciate the discussion with S. Claudepierre about the MagEIS data. We thank GOES, SuperDARN, and SuperMAG team for high-quality data. SuperDARN and SuperMAG data are from the Web sites (https://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/stp/satellite/goes/; http://vt.superdarn.org/ and http://supermag.jhuapl.edu/ respectively). The OMNI data are available at CDAWeb. The aurora image files from ASI at Saskatoon can be found at the Web site (https://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/data/concern/generic_works/hq37vp515?locale=en).

Funding Information:
We acknowledge NSF AGS1342968 and NASA NNX14AF31G for supporting the work at the University of Michigan. Processing and analysis of the HOPE and MagEIS data was supported by Energetic Particle, Composition, and Thermal Plasma (RBSP-ECT) investigation funded under NASA Prime contract NAS5-01072. All RBSP-ECT data are publicly available at the Web site (http://www.RBSP-ect.lanl.gov/). We acknowledge the Van Allen Probe EMFISIS and EFW teams for data usage. The EMFISIS and EFW data used in the study are obtained from the websites (http://emfisis.physics. uiowa.edu/ and http://www.space. umn.edu/rbspefw-data/ respectively). We appreciate the discussion with S. Claudepierre about the MagEIS data. We thank GOES, SuperDARN, and SuperMAG team for high-quality data. SuperDARN and SuperMAG data are from the Web sites (https://www.ngdc. noaa.gov/stp/satellite/goes/; http://vt.superdarn.org/ and http://supermag.jhuapl.edu/ respectively). The OMNI data are available at CDAWeb. The aurora image files from ASI at Saskatoon can be found at the Web site (https://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/data/ concern/generic_works/ hq37vp515?locale=en).

Publisher Copyright:
© 2019. American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved.

Keywords

field-aligned current
particle injection
subauroral polarization stream

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10.1029/2019JA026535

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@article{d5e918abac0449ed99e2b77d8cc2a487,

title = "Multi-instrument Observations of Mesoscale Enhancement of Subauroral Polarization Stream Associated With an Injection",

abstract = "Subauroral polarization streams (SAPS) prefer geomagnetically disturbed conditions and strongly correlate with geomagnetic indexes. However, the temporal evolution of SAPS and its relationship with dynamic and structured ring current and particle injection are still not well understood. In this study, we performed detailed analysis of temporal evolution of SAPS during a moderate storm on 18 May 2013 using conjugate observations of SAPS from the Van Allen Probes (VAP) and the Super Dual Auroral Radar Network (SuperDARN). The large-scale SAPS (LS-SAPS) formed during the main phase of this storm and decayed due to the northward turning of the interplanetary magnetic field. A mesoscale (approximately several hundreds of kilometers zonally) enhancement of SAPS was observed by SuperDARN at 0456 UT. In the conjugate magnetosphere, a large SAPS electric field (∼8 mV/m) pointing radially outward, a local magnetic field dip, and a dispersionless ion injection were observed simultaneously by VAP-A at L shell = 3.5 and MLT = 20. The particle injection observed by VAP-A is likely associated with the particle injection observed by the Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite 15 near 20 MLT. Magnetic perturbations observed by the ground magnetometers and flow reversals observed by SuperDARN reveal that this mesoscale enhancement of SAPS developed near the Harang reversal and before the substorm onset. The observed complex signatures in both space and ground can be explained by a two-loop current wedge generated by the perturbed plasma pressure gradient and the diamagnetic effect of the structured ring current following particle injection.",

keywords = "field-aligned current, particle injection, subauroral polarization stream",

author = "Zihan Wang and Shasha Zou and Shepherd, {Simon G.} and Jun Liang and Gjerloev, {Jesper W.} and Ruohoniemi, {J. Michael} and Bharat Kunduri and Wygant, {John R.}",

note = "Funding Information: We acknowledge NSF AGS1342968 and NASA NNX14AF31G for supporting the work at the University of Michigan. Processing and analysis of the HOPE and MagEIS data was supported by Energetic Particle, Composition, and Thermal Plasma (RBSP-ECT) investigation funded under NASA Prime contract NAS5-01072. All RBSP-ECT data are publicly available at the Web site (http://www.RBSP-ect.lanl.gov/). We acknowledge the Van Allen Probe EMFISIS and EFW teams for data usage. The EMFISIS and EFW data used in the study are obtained from the websites (http://emfisis.physics.uiowa.edu/ and http://www.space.umn.edu/rbspefw-data/ respectively). We appreciate the discussion with S. Claudepierre about the MagEIS data. We thank GOES, SuperDARN, and SuperMAG team for high-quality data. SuperDARN and SuperMAG data are from the Web sites (https://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/stp/satellite/goes/; http://vt.superdarn.org/ and http://supermag.jhuapl.edu/ respectively). The OMNI data are available at CDAWeb. The aurora image files from ASI at Saskatoon can be found at the Web site (https://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/data/concern/generic_works/hq37vp515?locale=en). Funding Information: We acknowledge NSF AGS1342968 and NASA NNX14AF31G for supporting the work at the University of Michigan. Processing and analysis of the HOPE and MagEIS data was supported by Energetic Particle, Composition, and Thermal Plasma (RBSP-ECT) investigation funded under NASA Prime contract NAS5-01072. All RBSP-ECT data are publicly available at the Web site (http://www.RBSP-ect.lanl.gov/). We acknowledge the Van Allen Probe EMFISIS and EFW teams for data usage. The EMFISIS and EFW data used in the study are obtained from the websites (http://emfisis.physics. uiowa.edu/ and http://www.space. umn.edu/rbspefw-data/ respectively). We appreciate the discussion with S. Claudepierre about the MagEIS data. We thank GOES, SuperDARN, and SuperMAG team for high-quality data. SuperDARN and SuperMAG data are from the Web sites (https://www.ngdc. noaa.gov/stp/satellite/goes/; http://vt.superdarn.org/ and http://supermag.jhuapl.edu/ respectively). The OMNI data are available at CDAWeb. The aurora image files from ASI at Saskatoon can be found at the Web site (https://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/data/ concern/generic_works/ hq37vp515?locale=en). Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2019. American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved.",

year = "2019",

month = mar,

doi = "10.1029/2019JA026535",

language = "English (US)",

volume = "124",

pages = "1770--1784",

journal = "Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics",

issn = "2169-9380",

number = "3",

}

TY - JOUR

T1 - Multi-instrument Observations of Mesoscale Enhancement of Subauroral Polarization Stream Associated With an Injection

AU - Wang, Zihan

AU - Zou, Shasha

AU - Shepherd, Simon G.

AU - Liang, Jun

AU - Gjerloev, Jesper W.

AU - Ruohoniemi, J. Michael

AU - Kunduri, Bharat

AU - Wygant, John R.

N1 - Funding Information: We acknowledge NSF AGS1342968 and NASA NNX14AF31G for supporting the work at the University of Michigan. Processing and analysis of the HOPE and MagEIS data was supported by Energetic Particle, Composition, and Thermal Plasma (RBSP-ECT) investigation funded under NASA Prime contract NAS5-01072. All RBSP-ECT data are publicly available at the Web site (http://www.RBSP-ect.lanl.gov/). We acknowledge the Van Allen Probe EMFISIS and EFW teams for data usage. The EMFISIS and EFW data used in the study are obtained from the websites (http://emfisis.physics.uiowa.edu/ and http://www.space.umn.edu/rbspefw-data/ respectively). We appreciate the discussion with S. Claudepierre about the MagEIS data. We thank GOES, SuperDARN, and SuperMAG team for high-quality data. SuperDARN and SuperMAG data are from the Web sites (https://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/stp/satellite/goes/; http://vt.superdarn.org/ and http://supermag.jhuapl.edu/ respectively). The OMNI data are available at CDAWeb. The aurora image files from ASI at Saskatoon can be found at the Web site (https://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/data/concern/generic_works/hq37vp515?locale=en). Funding Information: We acknowledge NSF AGS1342968 and NASA NNX14AF31G for supporting the work at the University of Michigan. Processing and analysis of the HOPE and MagEIS data was supported by Energetic Particle, Composition, and Thermal Plasma (RBSP-ECT) investigation funded under NASA Prime contract NAS5-01072. All RBSP-ECT data are publicly available at the Web site (http://www.RBSP-ect.lanl.gov/). We acknowledge the Van Allen Probe EMFISIS and EFW teams for data usage. The EMFISIS and EFW data used in the study are obtained from the websites (http://emfisis.physics. uiowa.edu/ and http://www.space. umn.edu/rbspefw-data/ respectively). We appreciate the discussion with S. Claudepierre about the MagEIS data. We thank GOES, SuperDARN, and SuperMAG team for high-quality data. SuperDARN and SuperMAG data are from the Web sites (https://www.ngdc. noaa.gov/stp/satellite/goes/; http://vt.superdarn.org/ and http://supermag.jhuapl.edu/ respectively). The OMNI data are available at CDAWeb. The aurora image files from ASI at Saskatoon can be found at the Web site (https://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/data/ concern/generic_works/ hq37vp515?locale=en). Publisher Copyright: © 2019. American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved.

PY - 2019/3

Y1 - 2019/3

N2 - Subauroral polarization streams (SAPS) prefer geomagnetically disturbed conditions and strongly correlate with geomagnetic indexes. However, the temporal evolution of SAPS and its relationship with dynamic and structured ring current and particle injection are still not well understood. In this study, we performed detailed analysis of temporal evolution of SAPS during a moderate storm on 18 May 2013 using conjugate observations of SAPS from the Van Allen Probes (VAP) and the Super Dual Auroral Radar Network (SuperDARN). The large-scale SAPS (LS-SAPS) formed during the main phase of this storm and decayed due to the northward turning of the interplanetary magnetic field. A mesoscale (approximately several hundreds of kilometers zonally) enhancement of SAPS was observed by SuperDARN at 0456 UT. In the conjugate magnetosphere, a large SAPS electric field (∼8 mV/m) pointing radially outward, a local magnetic field dip, and a dispersionless ion injection were observed simultaneously by VAP-A at L shell = 3.5 and MLT = 20. The particle injection observed by VAP-A is likely associated with the particle injection observed by the Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite 15 near 20 MLT. Magnetic perturbations observed by the ground magnetometers and flow reversals observed by SuperDARN reveal that this mesoscale enhancement of SAPS developed near the Harang reversal and before the substorm onset. The observed complex signatures in both space and ground can be explained by a two-loop current wedge generated by the perturbed plasma pressure gradient and the diamagnetic effect of the structured ring current following particle injection.

AB - Subauroral polarization streams (SAPS) prefer geomagnetically disturbed conditions and strongly correlate with geomagnetic indexes. However, the temporal evolution of SAPS and its relationship with dynamic and structured ring current and particle injection are still not well understood. In this study, we performed detailed analysis of temporal evolution of SAPS during a moderate storm on 18 May 2013 using conjugate observations of SAPS from the Van Allen Probes (VAP) and the Super Dual Auroral Radar Network (SuperDARN). The large-scale SAPS (LS-SAPS) formed during the main phase of this storm and decayed due to the northward turning of the interplanetary magnetic field. A mesoscale (approximately several hundreds of kilometers zonally) enhancement of SAPS was observed by SuperDARN at 0456 UT. In the conjugate magnetosphere, a large SAPS electric field (∼8 mV/m) pointing radially outward, a local magnetic field dip, and a dispersionless ion injection were observed simultaneously by VAP-A at L shell = 3.5 and MLT = 20. The particle injection observed by VAP-A is likely associated with the particle injection observed by the Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite 15 near 20 MLT. Magnetic perturbations observed by the ground magnetometers and flow reversals observed by SuperDARN reveal that this mesoscale enhancement of SAPS developed near the Harang reversal and before the substorm onset. The observed complex signatures in both space and ground can be explained by a two-loop current wedge generated by the perturbed plasma pressure gradient and the diamagnetic effect of the structured ring current following particle injection.

KW - field-aligned current

KW - particle injection

KW - subauroral polarization stream

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Multi-instrument Observations of Mesoscale Enhancement of Subauroral Polarization Stream Associated With an Injection

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