Modeling transit and intermodal tours in a dynamic multimodal network

A fixed-point formulation and a simulation-based solution method were developed for modeling intermodal passenger tours in a dynamic transportation network. The model proposed in this paper is a combined model of a dynamic traffic assignment, a schedule-based transit assignment, and a park-and-ride choice model, which assigns intermodal demand (i.e., passengers with drive-to-transit mode) to the optimal park-and-ride station. The proposed model accounts for all segments of passenger tours in the passengers' daily travel, incorporates the constraint on returning to the same park-and-ride location in a tour, and models individual passengers at a disaggregate level. The model has been applied in an integrated travel demand model in Sacramento, California, and feedback to the activity-based demand model is provided through separate time-dependent skim tables for auto, transit, and intermodal trips.