Abstract
Background: RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) allows an unbiased survey of the entire transcriptome in a high-throughput manner. A major application of RNA-Seq is to detect differential isoform expression across experimental conditions, which is of great biological interest due to its direct relevance to protein function and disease pathogenesis. Detection of differential isoform expression is challenging because of uncertainty in isoform expression estimation owing to ambiguous reads and variability in precision of the estimates across samples. It is desirable to have a method that can account for these issues and is flexible enough to allow adjustment for covariates. Results: In this paper, we present MetaDiff, a random-effects meta-regression model that naturally fits for the above purposes. Through extensive simulations and analysis of an RNA-Seq dataset on human heart failure, we show that the random-effects meta-regression approach is computationally fast, reliable, and can improve the power of differential expression analysis while controlling for false positives due to the effect of covariates or confounding variables. In contrast, several existing methods either fail to control false discovery rate or have reduced power in the presence of covariates or confounding variables. The source code, compiled JAR package and documentation of MetaDiff are freely available at https://github.com/jiach/MetaDiff. Conclusion: Our results indicate that random-effects meta-regression offers a flexible framework for differential expression analysis of isoforms, particularly when gene expression is influenced by other variables.
Original language | English (US) |
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Article number | 208 |
Journal | BMC bioinformatics |
Volume | 16 |
Issue number | 1 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - Jul 2 2015 |
Bibliographical note
Funding Information:This research was supported by the National Institutes of Health [R01GM097505, R01GM108600, R01HG006465 to ML; R01HG004517 to CL; R01HL088577 and R01HL105993 to TPC; R01HL105993 to KBM; R01HL105993 and R01HL103931 to WHWT]. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health. This research was also supported by the Kaufman Center for Heart Failure at the Cleveland Clinic.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2015 Jia et al.; licensee BioMed Central.
Keywords
- Differential expression
- Isoform
- RNA-Seq
- Random-effects meta-regression