Mechanically enhanced electrically conductive films from polymerization of 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene with wood microfibers

Islam Hafez; Han Seung Yang; William Tai Yin Tze

doi:10.1002/app.45127

Mechanically enhanced electrically conductive films from polymerization of 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene with wood microfibers

Islam Hafez, Han Seung Yang, William Tai Yin Tze

Bioproducts and Biosystems Engineering

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

5 Scopus citations

Abstract

This study was aimed at enhancing the mechanical properties of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)/poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) using wood microfibers. Ultra fine friction grinding was conducted on wood particles to reduce their size to the micron scale and to induce fibrillation. Oxidative polymerization was performed on 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene (EDOT) monomer at seven dosages based on the content of microfibers in the formulation. The presence of PEDOT:PSS in the prepared films was verified by infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The composite films became stronger and stiffer as the fiber content increased. An EDOT:microfibers ratio of 33 wt % was considered the best among the seven tested levels, judging from their low sheet resistivity (340 Ω/sq.) and favorable tensile properties (38 MPa strength and 4.8 GPa stiffness). The selected films were also tested for their resistance to solvents to obtain information about their potential use in different environments. Among the tested solvents, sodium hydroxide greatly decreased the film conductivity. It also had the harshest effect on reducing the weight of the film. Findings from this study demonstrate the successful use of wood microfibers alternative to synthetic substrates and cellulose nanofiber as a supportive and reinforcing material for electrically conductive polymers.

Original language	English (US)
Article number	45127
Journal	Journal of Applied Polymer Science
Volume	134
Issue number	35
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1002/app.45127
State	Published - Sep 15 2017

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
This project was supported by the National Institute of Food and Agriculture of the United States Department of Agriculture, grant number 2011–67009-20063. The financial support of the McIntire Stennis Fund (Project No. MIN-12–067) is also acknowledged. Parts of this work were carried out in the Characterization Facility, University of Minnesota, which receives partial support from NSF through the MRSEC program. The authors would like to acknowledge Professor Jonathan Schilling of the University of Minnesota and his lab member Feng Jin Liew for providing the alkali-pretreated samples. Professor Mehdi Tajvidi of the University of Maine is also acknowledged for conducting the TGA of the samples.

Funding Information:
This project was supported by the National Institute of Food and Agriculture of the United States Department of Agriculture, grant number 2011?67009-20063. The financial support of the McIntire Stennis Fund (Project No. MIN-12?067) is also acknowledged. Parts of this work were carried out in the Characterization Facility, University of Minnesota, which receives partial support from NSF through the MRSEC program. The authors would like to acknowledge Professor Jonathan Schilling of the University of Minnesota and his lab member Feng Jin Liew for providing the alkali-pretreated samples. Professor Mehdi Tajvidi of the University of Maine is also acknowledged for conducting the TGA of the samples.

Publisher Copyright:
© 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Keywords

cellulose and other wood products
conducting polymers
fibers
films
mechanical properties
solvent resistance

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10.1002/app.45127

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title = "Mechanically enhanced electrically conductive films from polymerization of 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene with wood microfibers",

abstract = "This study was aimed at enhancing the mechanical properties of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)/poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) using wood microfibers. Ultra fine friction grinding was conducted on wood particles to reduce their size to the micron scale and to induce fibrillation. Oxidative polymerization was performed on 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene (EDOT) monomer at seven dosages based on the content of microfibers in the formulation. The presence of PEDOT:PSS in the prepared films was verified by infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The composite films became stronger and stiffer as the fiber content increased. An EDOT:microfibers ratio of 33 wt % was considered the best among the seven tested levels, judging from their low sheet resistivity (340 Ω/sq.) and favorable tensile properties (38 MPa strength and 4.8 GPa stiffness). The selected films were also tested for their resistance to solvents to obtain information about their potential use in different environments. Among the tested solvents, sodium hydroxide greatly decreased the film conductivity. It also had the harshest effect on reducing the weight of the film. Findings from this study demonstrate the successful use of wood microfibers alternative to synthetic substrates and cellulose nanofiber as a supportive and reinforcing material for electrically conductive polymers.",

keywords = "cellulose and other wood products, conducting polymers, fibers, films, mechanical properties, solvent resistance",

author = "Islam Hafez and Yang, {Han Seung} and Tze, {William Tai Yin}",

note = "Funding Information: This project was supported by the National Institute of Food and Agriculture of the United States Department of Agriculture, grant number 2011–67009-20063. The financial support of the McIntire Stennis Fund (Project No. MIN-12–067) is also acknowledged. Parts of this work were carried out in the Characterization Facility, University of Minnesota, which receives partial support from NSF through the MRSEC program. The authors would like to acknowledge Professor Jonathan Schilling of the University of Minnesota and his lab member Feng Jin Liew for providing the alkali-pretreated samples. Professor Mehdi Tajvidi of the University of Maine is also acknowledged for conducting the TGA of the samples. Funding Information: This project was supported by the National Institute of Food and Agriculture of the United States Department of Agriculture, grant number 2011?67009-20063. The financial support of the McIntire Stennis Fund (Project No. MIN-12?067) is also acknowledged. Parts of this work were carried out in the Characterization Facility, University of Minnesota, which receives partial support from NSF through the MRSEC program. The authors would like to acknowledge Professor Jonathan Schilling of the University of Minnesota and his lab member Feng Jin Liew for providing the alkali-pretreated samples. Professor Mehdi Tajvidi of the University of Maine is also acknowledged for conducting the TGA of the samples. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.",

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AU - Yang, Han Seung

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N1 - Funding Information: This project was supported by the National Institute of Food and Agriculture of the United States Department of Agriculture, grant number 2011–67009-20063. The financial support of the McIntire Stennis Fund (Project No. MIN-12–067) is also acknowledged. Parts of this work were carried out in the Characterization Facility, University of Minnesota, which receives partial support from NSF through the MRSEC program. The authors would like to acknowledge Professor Jonathan Schilling of the University of Minnesota and his lab member Feng Jin Liew for providing the alkali-pretreated samples. Professor Mehdi Tajvidi of the University of Maine is also acknowledged for conducting the TGA of the samples. Funding Information: This project was supported by the National Institute of Food and Agriculture of the United States Department of Agriculture, grant number 2011?67009-20063. The financial support of the McIntire Stennis Fund (Project No. MIN-12?067) is also acknowledged. Parts of this work were carried out in the Characterization Facility, University of Minnesota, which receives partial support from NSF through the MRSEC program. The authors would like to acknowledge Professor Jonathan Schilling of the University of Minnesota and his lab member Feng Jin Liew for providing the alkali-pretreated samples. Professor Mehdi Tajvidi of the University of Maine is also acknowledged for conducting the TGA of the samples. Publisher Copyright: © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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N2 - This study was aimed at enhancing the mechanical properties of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)/poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) using wood microfibers. Ultra fine friction grinding was conducted on wood particles to reduce their size to the micron scale and to induce fibrillation. Oxidative polymerization was performed on 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene (EDOT) monomer at seven dosages based on the content of microfibers in the formulation. The presence of PEDOT:PSS in the prepared films was verified by infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The composite films became stronger and stiffer as the fiber content increased. An EDOT:microfibers ratio of 33 wt % was considered the best among the seven tested levels, judging from their low sheet resistivity (340 Ω/sq.) and favorable tensile properties (38 MPa strength and 4.8 GPa stiffness). The selected films were also tested for their resistance to solvents to obtain information about their potential use in different environments. Among the tested solvents, sodium hydroxide greatly decreased the film conductivity. It also had the harshest effect on reducing the weight of the film. Findings from this study demonstrate the successful use of wood microfibers alternative to synthetic substrates and cellulose nanofiber as a supportive and reinforcing material for electrically conductive polymers.

AB - This study was aimed at enhancing the mechanical properties of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)/poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) using wood microfibers. Ultra fine friction grinding was conducted on wood particles to reduce their size to the micron scale and to induce fibrillation. Oxidative polymerization was performed on 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene (EDOT) monomer at seven dosages based on the content of microfibers in the formulation. The presence of PEDOT:PSS in the prepared films was verified by infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The composite films became stronger and stiffer as the fiber content increased. An EDOT:microfibers ratio of 33 wt % was considered the best among the seven tested levels, judging from their low sheet resistivity (340 Ω/sq.) and favorable tensile properties (38 MPa strength and 4.8 GPa stiffness). The selected films were also tested for their resistance to solvents to obtain information about their potential use in different environments. Among the tested solvents, sodium hydroxide greatly decreased the film conductivity. It also had the harshest effect on reducing the weight of the film. Findings from this study demonstrate the successful use of wood microfibers alternative to synthetic substrates and cellulose nanofiber as a supportive and reinforcing material for electrically conductive polymers.

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KW - mechanical properties

KW - solvent resistance

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Mechanically enhanced electrically conductive films from polymerization of 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene with wood microfibers

Abstract

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