Management of Diseases in Free-ranging Wildlife Populations

Diseases are increasingly threatening the conservation of wildlife species. Spillover of pathogens into humans and domestic animals may negatively affect public health and the economy, warranting increased proactive management actions. The North American Wildlife Management Model provides the philosophical basis for managing wildlife and underpins all management options. Diseases in wildlife populations may be managed by manipulating the environment, manipulating the host, manipulating the agent, and modifying human behavior. Important considerations include setting management goals and using metrics to assess success. Future strategies could include using systems and One Health approaches to develop interventions that optimize outcomes for humans, animals, and the environment.